@article {9466, title = {An ecosystem-wide approach for assessing the spatialized cumulative effects of local and global changes on coastal ecosystem functioningAbstract}, journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science}, volume = {80}, year = {2023}, month = {May-03-2025}, pages = {1129 - 1142}, issn = {1054-3139}, doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsad043}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/80/4/1129/7092991}, author = {Nogues, Quentin and Bourdaud, Pierre and Araignous, Emma and Halouani, Ghassen and Ben~Rais~Lasram, Frida and Dauvin, Jean-Claude and Le~Loc{\textquoteright}h, Fran{\c c}ois and Nathalie Niquil}, editor = {Coll, Marta} } @article {9468, title = {An integrated conceptual model to characterize the effects of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services}, journal = {Ecosystem Services}, volume = {60}, year = {2023}, month = {Jan-04-2023}, pages = {101513}, issn = {22120416}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2023.101513}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2212041623000050}, author = {Baulaz, Yoann and Mouchet, Maud and Nathalie Niquil and Ben Rais Lasram, Frida} } @book {9244, title = {Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental SciencesModelling species distribution, ecosystem structure and function and climate change}, year = {2023}, publisher = {Elsevier}, organization = {Elsevier}, abstract = {In recent decades, oceans have been increasingly stressed by human activities that induced significant changes in its abiotic properties. Temperature increase, acidification,\ deoxygenation, deregulation of ocean currents are some examples of the anthropogenic impact on our oceans. In addition, pollution and\ overexploitation\ of marine resources will lead to severe and possibly irreversible changes for marine life. As environmental conditions directly affect the physiology of species, changes in species distribution and\ trophic interactions\ have already been observed and are expected to increase in the near future. Predicting future oceans is currently a great challenge for scientists that work to maintain, as best as possible, the goods and services they provide. In this context, ecologists have developed several modeling approaches able to simulate changes in both species distribution (Ecological Niche Models {\textendash} ENMs) and interactions (static and dynamic food-web models). This chapter explains these two approaches in detail as well as the ways by which these two families of models can be coupled. In each part, the main existing algorithms will be reviewed, with their advantages and limitations, and some key examples retrieved from recent scientific literature will be presented. Finally, we will discuss the current issues of these methods and their potential improvement.}, isbn = {9780124095489}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-323-90798-9.00028-7}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780323907989000287}, author = {Saint-B{\'e}at, Blanche and Nogues, Quentin and Nathalie Niquil and Bourdaud, Pierre and Virginie Raybaud and Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Ben Rais Lasram, Frida and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Fran{\c c}ois and Schickele, Alexandre} } @article {9469, title = {Socio-political acceptability of floating offshore wind farms in France: challenges and perspectives for marine governance towards sustainability}, journal = {Ocean \& Coastal Management}, volume = {236}, year = {2023}, month = {Jan-04-2023}, pages = {106513}, issn = {09645691}, doi = {10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2023.106513}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0964569123000388}, author = {Fofack-Garcia, Rhoda and Maz{\'e}, Camille and Safi, Georges and Lejart, Morgane and Chauvac, Nathalie and Thermes, Maud and Ragueneau, Olivier and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {9467, title = {Structure of planktonic food web in the Gulf of Gab{\`e}s (Southeastern Mediterranean): potential importance of heterotrophic and mixotrophic microzooplankton}, journal = {Aquatic Sciences}, volume = {85}, year = {2023}, month = {Jan-04-2023}, issn = {1015-1621}, doi = {10.1007/s00027-023-00954-y}, url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00027-023-00954-y}, author = {Mejri Kousri, Kaouther and Belaaj Zouari, Amel and Meddeb, Marouan and Chkili, Oumayma and Nathalie Niquil and Tedetti, Marc and Pagano, Marc and Sammari, Cherif and Khammeri, Yosra and Bel Hassen, Malika and Sakka Hlaili, Asma} } @article {9465, title = {The usefulness of food web models in the ecosystem services framework: Quantifying, mapping, and linking services supply}, journal = {Ecosystem Services}, volume = {63}, year = {2023}, month = {Jan-10-2023}, pages = {101550}, issn = {22120416}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoser.2023.101550}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2212041623000438}, author = {Nogues, Quentin and Baulaz, Yoann and Clavel, Joanne and Araignous, Emma and Bourdaud, Pierre and Ben Rais Lasram, Frida and Dauvin, Jean-Claude and Girardin, Valerie and Halouani, Ghassen and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Loew-Turbout, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rique and Raoux, Aurore and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {8832, title = {Assessing the state of marine biodiversity in the Northeast Atlantic}, journal = {Ecological Indicators}, volume = {141}, year = {2022}, month = {Jan-08-2022}, pages = {109148}, issn = {1470160X}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109148}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1470160X22006203}, author = {McQuatters-Gollop, A. and Gu{\'e}rin, L. and Arroyo, N.L. and Aubert, A. and Artigas, L.F. and Bedford, J. and Corcoran, E. and Dierschke, V. and Elliott, S.A.M. and Geelhoed, S.C.V. and Gilles, A. and Gonz{\'a}lez-Irusta, J.M. and Haelters, J. and Johansen, M. and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, F. and Lynam, C.P. and Nathalie Niquil and Meakins, B. and Mitchell, I. and Padegimas, B. and Pesch, R. and Preciado, I. and Rombouts, I. and Safi, G. and Schmitt, P. and Sch{\"u}ckel, U. and Serrano, A. and Stebbing, P. and De la Torriente, A. and Vina-Herbon, C.} } @article {8834, title = {Potential combined impacts of climate change and non-indigenous species arrivals on Bay of Biscay trophic network structure and functioning}, journal = {Journal of Marine Systems}, volume = {228}, year = {2022}, month = {Jan-04-2022}, pages = {103704}, issn = {09247963}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmarsys.2022.103704}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0924796322000070}, author = {Le Marchand, M. and Ben Rais Lasram, F. and Araignous, E. and Saint-B{\'e}at, B. and Lassalle, G. and Michelet, N. and Serre, S. and Safi, G. and Lejart, M. and Nathalie Niquil and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, F.} } @article {8835, title = {The Response of North Sea Ecosystem Functional Groups to Warming and Changes in Fishing}, journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science}, volume = {9}, year = {2022}, month = {Apr-04-2022}, doi = {10.3389/fmars.2022.841909}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.841909/full}, author = {Thorpe, Robert B. and Arroyo, Nina L. and Safi, Georges and Nathalie Niquil and Preciado, Izaskun and Heath, Michael and Pace, Matthew C. and Lynam, Christopher P.} } @article {8833, title = {Spatialized ecological network analysis for ecosystem-based management: effects of climate change, marine renewable energy, and fishing on ecosystem functioning in the Bay of SeineAbstract}, journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science}, volume = {79}, year = {2022}, month = {Dec-02-2023}, pages = {1098 - 1112}, issn = {1054-3139}, doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsac026}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/79/4/1098/6535870}, author = {Nogues, Quentin and Araignous, Emma and Bourdaud, Pierre and Halouani, Ghassen and Raoux, Aurore and Foucher, Eric and Loc{\textquoteright}h, Fran{\c c}ois Le and Loew-Turbout, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}rique and Ben~Rais~Lasram, Frida and Dauvin, Jean-Claude and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {8836, title = {Analysis of trophic networks: an optimisation approach}, journal = {Journal of Mathematical Biology}, volume = {83}, year = {2021}, month = {Jan-11-2021}, issn = {0303-6812}, doi = {10.1007/s00285-021-01682-3}, url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00285-021-01682-3}, author = {Caputo, Jean-Guy and Girardin, Valerie and Knippel, Arnaud and Nguyen, Minh Hieu and Nathalie Niquil and Nogues, Quentin} } @article {8143, title = {Cumulative effects of marine renewable energy and climate change on ecosystem properties: Sensitivity of ecological network analysis}, journal = {Ecological Indicators}, volume = {121}, year = {2021}, month = {Jan-02-2021}, pages = {107128}, issn = {1470160X}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.107128}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1470160X20310670}, author = {Nogues, Quentin and Raoux, Aurore and Araignous, Emma and Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Hattab, Tarek and Leroy, Boris and Ben Rais Lasram, Frida and David, Val{\'e}rie and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Dauvin, Jean-Claude and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {8147, title = {Impacts of climate change on the Bay of Seine ecosystem: Forcing a spatio-temporal trophic model with predictions from an ecological niche model}, journal = {Fisheries Oceanography}, volume = {30}, year = {2021}, month = {Jan-09-2021}, pages = {471 - 489}, issn = {1054-6006}, doi = {10.1111/fog.v30.510.1111/fog.12531}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13652419/30/5}, author = {Bourdaud, Pierre and Ben Rais Lasram, Frida and Araignous, Emma and Champagnat, Juliette and Grusd, Samantha and Halouani, Ghassen and Hattab, Tarek and Leroy, Boris and Nogues, Quentin and Raoux, Aurore and Safi, Georges and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {8837, title = {The Merits of Loop Analysis for the Qualitative Modeling of Social-Ecological Systems in Presence of Offshore Wind Farms}, journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {9}, year = {2021}, month = {May-02-2022}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2021.635798}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2021.635798/full}, author = {Nathalie Niquil and Scotti, Marco and Fofack-Garcia, Rhoda and Haraldsson, Matilda and Thermes, Maud and Raoux, Aurore and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Maz{\'e}, Camille} } @article {7089, title = {How to model social-ecological systems? {\textendash} A case study on the effects of a future offshore wind farm on the local society and ecosystem, and whether social compensation matters}, journal = {Marine Policy}, volume = {119}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Models of social-ecological systems (SES) are acknowledged as an important tool to understand human-nature relations. However, many SES models fail to integrate adequate information from both the human and ecological subsystems. With an example model of a future Offshore Wind Farm development and its effects on both the ecosystem and local human population, we illustrate a method facilitating a {\textquotedblleft}balanced{\textquotedblright} SES model, in terms of including information from both subsystems. We use qualitative mathematical modeling, which allows to quickly analyze the structure and dynamics of a system without including quantitative data, and therefore to compare alternative system structures based on different understandings of how the system works. By including similar number of system variables in the two subsystems, we balanced the complexity between them. Our analyses show that this complexity is important in order to predict indirect and sometimes counterintuitive effects. We also highlight some conceptually important questions concerning social compensations during developmental projects in general, and wind farms in particular. Our results suggest that the more project holders get involved in various manner in the local socio-ecological system, the more society will benefit as a whole. Increased involvement through e.g. new projects or job-opportunities around the windfarm has the capacity to offset the negative effects of the windfarm on the local community. These benefits are enhanced when there is an overall acceptance and appropriation of the project. We suggest this method as a tool to support the decision-making process and to facilitate discussions between stakeholders, especially among local communities. {\textcopyright} The Authors}, keywords = {Acceptance, comparative study, Complexity, Decision making, development project, Eastern English channel, environmental impact assessment, future prospect, local participation, Network, numerical model, offshore structure, participatory approach, Perception, Qualitative modeling, quantitative analysis, Renewable energy, social impact assessment, stakeholder, wind farm}, issn = {0308597X (ISSN)}, doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2020.104031}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85085318224\&doi=10.1016\%2fj.marpol.2020.104031\&partnerID=40\&md5=9e69340af6d591878af0f943cd4bc347}, author = {Haraldsson, M. and Raoux, A. and Riera, F. and Hay, J. and Dambacher, J.M. and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {7091, title = {Isotopic analyses, a good tool to validate models in the context of Marine Renewable Energy development and cumulative impacts}, journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science}, volume = {237}, year = {2020}, abstract = {As part of the energy transition, the French government is planning Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) constructions in the next decades. An integrated ecosystem approach of two future OWF sites of the Eastern English Channel (Courseulles-sur-mer and Dieppe-Le Tr{\'e}port) was developed to model the marine ecosystems before the OWF implementation. Such ecosystem models allow simulating the possible reef and reserve effects associated to the presence of the farm, and to character the overall changes in the food-web functioning. This holistic view of OWF effects could be replicated on other sites and form the basis of an ecosystem based management of marine renewable energies. However, to use these models for management purpose, they need to be validated. In order to do so, stable isotope ratios of nitrogen were used for determining the accuracy of the effective trophic levels computed in these two models. Results showed that trophic levels estimated by the two models were consistent with the trophic levels estimated by the independent isotopic data. In the context of OWF development and cumulative impacts analysis, this step of validation of the models is essential for developing their use by management actors and policy makers. {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd}, keywords = {alternative energy, detection method, Dieppe, Ecopath with Ecosim, ecosystem approach, English Channel, food web, France, Isotopic nitrogen analysis, marine ecosystem, model validation, Normandie, Offshore wind farm, policy making, Seine Maritime, trophic level, wind farm}, issn = {02727714 (ISSN)}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106690}, author = {Raoux, A. and Pezy, J.-P. and Ernande, B. and Nathalie Niquil and Dauvin, J.-C. and Granger{\'e}, K.} } @article {8141, title = {An open-source framework to model present and future marine species distributions at local scale}, journal = {Ecological Informatics}, volume = {59}, year = {2020}, month = {Jan-09-2020}, pages = {101130}, issn = {15749541}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoinf.2020.101130}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1574954120300807}, author = {Ben Rais Lasram, Frida and Hattab, Tarek and Nogues, Quentin and Beaugrand, Gr{\'e}gory and Dauvin, Jean Claude and Halouani, Ghassen and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Nathalie Niquil and Leroy, Boris} } @article {7092, title = {An open-source framework to model present and future marine species distributions at local scale}, journal = {Ecological Informatics}, volume = {59}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Species Distribution Models (SDMs) are useful tools to project potential future species distributions under climate change scenarios. Despite the ability to run SDMs in recent and reliable tools, there are some misuses and proxies that are widely practiced and rarely addressed together, particularly when dealing with marine species. In this paper, we propose an open-source framework that includes (i) a procedure for homogenizing occurrence data to reduce the influence of sampling bias, (ii) a procedure for generating pseudo-absences, (iii) a hierarchical-filter approach, (iv) full incorporation of the third dimension by considering climatic variables at multiple depths and (v) building of maps that predict current and potential future ranges of marine species. This framework is available for non-modeller ecologists interested in investigating future species ranges with a user-friendly script. We investigated the robustness of the framework by applying it to marine species of the Eastern English Channel. Projections were built for the middle and the end of this century under RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios. {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier B.V.}, keywords = {Climate Change, ecological modeling, English Channel, filter, future prospect, hierarchical system, marine ecosystem, sampling, scenario analysis, species diversity}, issn = {15749541}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecoinf.2020.101130}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85086876945\&doi=10.1016\%2fj.ecoinf.2020.101130\&partnerID=40\&md5=0a5c308eac10a69880027d5de2e6fe98}, author = {Ben Rais Lasram, F. and Hattab, T. and Nogues, Quentin and Beaugrand, G. and Dauvin, J.C. and Halouani, G. and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, F. and Nathalie Niquil and Leroy, B.} } @article {7088, title = {Quantitative food web modeling unravels the importance of the microphytobenthos-meiofauna pathway for a high trophic transfer by meiofauna in soft-bottom intertidal food webs.}, journal = {Ecological Modelling}, volume = {430}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Meiofauna are known to have an important role on many ecological processes, although, their role in food web dynamics is often poorly understood, partially as they have been an overlooked and under sampled organism group. Here, we used quantitative food web modeling to evaluate the trophic relationship between meiofauna and their food sources and how meiofauna can mediate the carbon flow to higher trophic levels in five contrasting soft-bottom intertidal habitats (including seagrass beds, mudflats and sandflats). Carbon flow networks were constructed using the linear inverse model-Markov chain Monte Carlo technique, with increased resolution of the meiofauna compartments (i.e. biomass and feeding ecology of the different trophic groups of meiofauna) compared to most previous modeling studies. These models highlighted that the flows between the highly productive microphytobenthos and the meiofauna compartments play an important role in transferring carbon to the higher trophic levels, typically more efficiently so than macrofauna. The pathway from microphytobenthos to meiofauna represented the largest flow in all habitats and resulted in high production of meiofauna independent of habitat. All trophic groups of meiofauna, except for selective deposit feeders, had a very high dependency on microphytobenthos. Selective deposit feeders relied instead on a wider range of food sources, with varying contributions of bacteria, microphytobenthos and sediment organic matter. Ecological network analyses (e.g. cycling, throughput and ascendency) of the modeled systems highlighted the close positive relationship between the food web efficiency and the assimilation of high-quality food sources by primary consumers, e.g. meiofauna and macrofauna. Large proportions of these flows can be attributed to trophic groups of meiofauna. The sensitivity of the network properties to the representation of meiofauna in the models leads to recommending a greater attention in ecological data monitoring and integrating meiofauna into food web models. {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier B.V.}, keywords = {Carbon, Carbon flow networks, deposit feeder, Deposits, Ecological network analysis, Ecological process, Ecosystems, Feeding, Feeding ecology, food web, Food web model, intertidal community, intertidal habitats, Inverse problems, linear inverse model, Linear inverse models, Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques, Markov chains, Meiofauna, Microphytobenthos, Monte Carlo methods, Phytobenthos, quantitative analysis, Sediment organic matters, soft-bottom environment, stable isotope mixing models, trophic level, Trophic relationships, Trophic structure}, issn = {03043800 (ISSN)}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2020.109129}, author = {van der Heijden, L.H. and Nathalie Niquil and Haraldsson, M. and Asmus, R.M. and Pacella, S.R. and Graeve, M. and Rzeznik-Orignac, J. and Asmus, H. and Saint-B{\'e}at, B. and Lebreton, B.} } @article {Niquil202020190326, title = {Shifting levels of ecological network{\textquoteright}s analysis reveals different system properties}, journal = {Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences}, volume = {375}, number = {1796}, year = {2020}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {20190326}, publisher = {NLM (Medline)}, abstract = {Network analyses applied to models of complex systems generally contain at least three levels of analyses. Whole-network metrics summarize general organizational features (properties or relationships) of the entire network, while node-level metrics summarize similar organization features but consider individual nodes. The network- and node-level metrics build upon the primary pairwise relationships in the model. As with many analyses, sometimes there are interesting differences at one level that disappear in the summary at another level of analysis. We illustrate this phenomenon with ecosystem network models, where nodes are trophic compartments and pairwise relationships are flows of organic carbon, such as when a predator eats a prey. For this demonstration, we analysed a time-series of 16 models of a lake planktonic food web that describes carbon exchanges within an autumn cyanobacteria bloom and compared the ecological conclusions drawn from the three levels of analysis based on inter-time-step comparisons. A general pattern in our analyses was that the closer the levels are in hierarchy (node versus network, or flow versus node level), the more they tend to align in their conclusions. Our analyses suggest that selecting the appropriate level of analysis, and above all regularly using multiple levels, may be a critical analytical decision. This article is part of the theme issue {\textquoteright}Unifying the essential concepts of biological networks: biological insights and philosophical foundations{\textquoteright}.}, issn = {14712970}, doi = {10.1098/rstb.2019.0326}, url = {https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rstb.2019.0326} } @article {7990, title = {A spatial food web model to investigate potential spillover effects of a fishery closure in an offshore wind farm}, journal = {Journal of Marine Systems}, volume = {212}, year = {2020}, month = {Jan-12-2020}, pages = {103434}, issn = {09247963}, doi = {10.1016/j.jmarsys.2020.103434}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0924796320301305}, author = {Halouani, Ghassen and Villanueva, Ching-Maria and Raoux, Aurore and Dauvin, Jean Claude and Ben Rais Lasram, Frida and Foucher, Eric and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Safi, Georges and Araignous, Emma and Jean-Paul Robin and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {LeGuen2019, title = {Assessing the ecological status of an estuarine ecosystem: linking biodiversity and food-web indicators}, journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science}, volume = {228}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 0}, publisher = {Academic Press}, abstract = {During the last decades, the highly-anthropized Seine estuary has been impacted by modification of its habitats (building of a major extension of Le Havre harbour, i.e. Port2000) and a significant natural decrease in freshwater discharge. A Before/After analysis, using a toolbox of indicators, was applied to characterize the effects of both events on the estuarine ecosystem status. We selected from existing tool boxes several indicators derived from food web modelling or community composition data, such as biodiversity indicators, a guild-based index (i.e. Estuarine and Lagoon Fish Index ELFI) and ecological network analysis (ENA) indices. ENA and biodiversity indicators were applied on six spatial boxes describing the Seine estuary and its outlet. Results showed an increase in taxonomic and functional richness over time, mainly due to marinisation, and significant changes in food-web properties in relation to Port2000. ENA indices appeared as a promising method in ecological status assessment, especially for estuaries considered as inherently disturbed. {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier Ltd}, issn = {02727714}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106339}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0272771419300484} } @article {Fath20191, title = {Ecological network analysis metrics: The need for an entire ecosystem approach in management and policy}, journal = {Ocean and Coastal Management}, volume = {174}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 8}, pages = {1-14}, publisher = {Elsevier Ltd}, abstract = {In this paper, we identified seven ecological network analysis (ENA) metrics that, in our opinion, have high potential to provide useful and practical information for environmental decision-makers and stakeholders. Measurement and quantification of the network indicators requires that an ecosystem level assessment is implemented. The ENA metrics convey the status of the ecological system state variables, and mostly, the flows and relations between the various nodes of the network. The seven metrics are: 1) Average Path Length (APL), 2) Finn Cycling Index (FCI), 3) Mean Trophic level (MTL), 4) Detritivory to Herbivory ratio (D:H), 5) Keystoneness, 6) Structural Information (SI), and 7) Flow-based Information indices. The procedure for calculating each metric is detailed along with a short evaluation of their potential assessment of environmental status. {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier Ltd}, issn = {09645691}, doi = {10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.03.007}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0964569118305969} } @article {Chevillot2019473, title = {Global Changes Jeopardize the Trophic Carrying Capacity and Functioning of Estuarine Ecosystems}, journal = {Ecosystems}, volume = {22}, number = {3}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {473-495}, publisher = {Springer New York LLC}, abstract = {At the interface between terrestrial and marine biomes, estuaries display high ecological productivity and provide goods and services to humans. Associated with many ecological functions, they are nursery, refuge, and growing areas for many species fish. These ecological functions and services depend on both their ecological production and trophic carrying capacity and the durability of food web functioning. These transitional key habitats undergo both strong anthropogenic pressures and climatic influences that impact the structure and dynamics of estuarine biodiversity. In this context, we explore, here, three decades of the Gironde estuary ecosystem history to detect the food web{\textquoteright}s response to global changes-induced effect on biodiversity. At least two Ecological Abrupt Shifts associated with deep modifications in the biodiversity at most trophic levels have been documented for this particular ecosystem. Three food web models were thus calibrated, one for each of the three periods discriminated by the two shifts that occurred at the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 2000s. Results highlighted that the ecotrophic efficiency estimate for subtidal macrofauna and shrimps reached the maximum possible values during the last period. This could mean that the Gironde estuary fully reached its trophic carrying capacity due to a food limitation especially for benthos demersal fish. We also observed a significant decrease in some food web indicators (such as Average Mutual Information, System Omnivory Index, and Average Path Length) usually associated with ecosystem stress, suggesting a significant impact of global change on the Gironde estuary ecosystem health and questioning the sustainability of the ecological functions associated with this ecosystem. {\textcopyright} 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.}, issn = {14329840}, doi = {10.1007/s10021-018-0282-9}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10021-018-0282-9} } @article {Raoux2019728, title = {Measuring sensitivity of two OSPAR indicators for a coastal food web model under offshore wind farm construction}, journal = {Ecological Indicators}, volume = {96}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {728-738}, publisher = {Elsevier B.V.}, abstract = {A combination of modelling tools was applied to simulate the impacts of the future Courseulles-sur-mer offshore wind farm (OWF) construction (Bay of Seine, English Channel) on the ecosystem structure and functioning. To do so, food-web models of the ecosystem under three scenarios were constructed to investigate the effect caused by the OWF of added substrate (reef effect), fishing restriction (reserve effect), and their combined effect. Further, Ecological Network Analysis indices and Mean Trophic Level were derived to investigate their suitability for detecting changes in the ecosystem state. Our analysis suggests changes in the ecosystem structure and functioning after the OWF construction, the ecosystem maturity was predicted to increase, but no alterations in its overall resilience capacity. {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Ltd}, issn = {1470160X}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.07.014}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1470160X1830534X} } @article {Meddeb201967, title = {A new type of plankton food web functioning in coastal waters revealed by coupling Monte Carlo Markov chain linear inverse method and ecological network analysis}, journal = {Ecological Indicators}, volume = {104}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {67-85}, publisher = {Elsevier B.V.}, abstract = {Plankton food webs (PFW) typology is based on different categories of functioning, according to the dominant processes and the role played by heterotrophic bacteria, small vs large phytoplankton, and small vs large zooplankton. Investigating the structure and the function of planktonic food webs in two SW Mediterranean waters (inshore and marine sites) at four seasons, using inverse (LIM-MCMC) and ecological network (ENA) analyses, we identified a new type of food web, called the {\textquotedblleft}bacterial multivorous food web{\textquotedblright}. This food web adds to the conventional trophic continuum as previously reported. The {\textquotedblleft}bacterial multivorous food web{\textquotedblright} present in winter showed the lowest primary production among seasons, but highest bacterial production. Several food web ratios characterized this new typology e.g. picophytoplankton net primary production to total primary production varied from 0.20 to 0.28; bacterial to primary production ratio is higher than values reported in global scale (≅1); bacterial net production to the potential protozoan prey net production was high (\>0.2). In this special food web, carbon was mostly recycled, with a moderate fraction channeled to deep waters, which lead to a higher retention of carbon inside the ecosystem. This winter PFW also seemed to be the most organized, specialized, stable and mature, as related to common interpretations of ENA. The spring was characterized by herbivorous food web, with highest activity coinciding with low stability. Although less usual, the herbivorous pathway was also observed during summer, in inshore waters. The autumn food webs, which functioned as multivorous or microbial food webs, appeared to be stable and mature. Finally, our study demonstrates the usefulness of food web models derived ratios combined with ecological network analysis indices to conduct evaluation of the structure and functioning of ecosystems and potentially to support management decisions in marine environment. {\textcopyright} 2019}, issn = {1470160X}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.04.077}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1470160X19303243} } @article {Arroyo20191543, title = {Towards coherent GES assessments at sub-regional level: Signs of fisheries expansion processes in the Bay of Biscay using an OSPAR food web indicator, the mean trophic level}, journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science}, volume = {76}, number = {6}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 1}, pages = {1543-1553}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, abstract = {Using the Bay of Biscay (BoB) as a case study, we conducted a transnational assessment of the mean trophic level (MTL, Ospar FW4) indicator at sub-regional level, over the last three decades. Our results confirm the apparent recovery of BoB{\textquoteright}s bentho-demersal system, as shown by trends in the MTL indicator based on survey data. However, they also point at a concomitant "fishing through" process where the apparent stability revealed by the MTL indicator based on landed catch data may be masking the expansion of demersal fisheries to deeper waters, and an over-exploitation of resources (particularly abundant pelagic species). Moreover, they show how the combined examination of independent surveys and fishery landings allows the identification of ecological trends in ecosystem studies. In addition, our results confirm that analysing MTL at various threshold levels helps discerning the causality of trends in this indicator, especially if analyses for pelagic and demersal species are run independently. Further studies, at smaller (i.e. local) spatial scales, need to be conducted to ascertain our results and suggest appropriate management strategies aimed at regulating fisheries expansions in the area. {\textcopyright} 2019 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea 2019. All rights reserved.}, issn = {10543139}, doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsz023}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/76/6/1543/5369193} } @article {vanderHeijden201950, title = {Trophic importance of microphytobenthos and bacteria to meiofauna in soft-bottom intertidal habitats: A combined trophic marker approach}, journal = {Marine Environmental Research}, volume = {149}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {50-66}, publisher = {Elsevier Ltd}, abstract = {Meiofauna can play an important role in the carbon fluxes of soft-bottom coastal habitats. Investigation of their feeding behavior and trophic position remains challenging due to their small size. In this study, we determine and compare the food sources used by nematodes and benthic copepods by using stable isotope compositions, fatty acid profiles and compound specific isotope analyses of fatty acids in the mudflats, seagrass beds and a sandflat of the Marennes-Ol{\'e}ron Bay, France, and the Sylt-R{\o}m{\o} Bight, Germany. Suspended particulate organic matter was much more 13C-depleted than other food sources and meiofauna, highlighting its poor role in the different studied habitats. The very low proportions of vascular plant fatty acid markers in meiofauna demonstrated that these consumers did not rely on this food source, either fresh or detrital, even in seagrass beds. The combined use of stable isotopes and fatty acids emphasized microphytobenthos and benthic bacteria as the major food sources of nematodes and benthic copepods. Compound specific analyses of a bacteria marker confirmed that bacteria mostly used microphytobenthos as a substrate. {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier Ltd}, issn = {01411136}, doi = {10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.05.014}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0141113618304744} } @article {Safi2019116, title = {Vitamine ENA: A framework for the development of ecosystem-based indicators for decision makers}, journal = {Ocean and Coastal Management}, volume = {174}, year = {2019}, note = {cited By 5}, pages = {116-130}, publisher = {Elsevier Ltd}, abstract = {The Water Framework Directive (article 2, paragraph 21) as well as the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, Descriptor 4) stress the need for assessing the quality of the structure and the functioning of ecosystems. The MSFD also underlines the urgent need for development, testing, and validation of ecosystem state indicators. Holistic function-based criteria and indicators as provided by Ecological Network Analysis (ENA) could be used to define and assess the {\textquoteleft}Good Environmental Status{\textquoteright} of marine ecosystems. This approach also feeds Ecosystem Based Management (EBM). ENA generally analyses the fluxes{\textquoteright} quality of a single medium such as here the carbon fluxes in a food web and produces a number of useful metrics that indicate, inter alia, the total carbon flow through the system, the quality of the functioning of the system or the trophic efficiency of system. A short list of indices [i.e. Detritivory over Herbivory ratio (D/H), Connectance Index (CI), Transfer Efficiency (TE) over trophic levels, System Omnivory Index (SOI), Finn{\textquoteright}s Cycling Index (FCI), relative Redundancy (R/DC), Average Mutual Information (AMI) and Interaction Strength (IS)] is proposed for practical use. This paper presents a first framework for OSPAR Regional Sea Convention food web indicators based on ENA. These are presented here focusing on their applicability and what is needed for implementation, illustrating their potential use by case studies. {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier Ltd}, issn = {09645691}, doi = {10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.03.005}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S096456911830591X} } @article {Raoux201811, title = {Assessing cumulative socio-ecological impacts of offshore wind farm development in the Bay of Seine (English Channel)}, journal = {Marine Policy}, volume = {89}, year = {2018}, note = {cited By 2}, pages = {11-20}, publisher = {Elsevier Ltd}, abstract = {As part of the energy transition, the French government is planning the construction of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) in Normandy. These OWFs will be integrated into an ecosystem already facing multiple anthropogenic disturbances. A holistic view of cumulated impacts (OWF construction, global warming and fisheries) were developed on the Courseulles-sur-Mer{\textquoteright} ecosystem through the use of a qualitative mathematical modelling approach. This modelling approach provides the mean to consider alternative hypotheses about how the ecosystem structure and function affects its dynamics. Alternative models were constructed to address the different hypotheses regarding the behaviour of top predator (whether the top predators will be scared away by the OWF or attracted by the reef effect), impacts of global warming and changes in fisheries activities. Key findings from these analyses are that the OWF construction could lead to an increase in benthos species and fish benthos feeders whatever the perturbation scenario, while the predicted response of top predators was ambiguous across all perturbation scenario. Qualitative modelling results can play a vital role in decision making by improving long term planning for the marine environment but also as a tool for communication with the public and so contribute to a better acceptability of the Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) project. {\textcopyright} 2017 Elsevier Ltd}, issn = {0308597X}, doi = {10.1016/j.marpol.2017.12.007}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X1730444X} } @book {Egerton2018398, title = {History of ecology}, series = {Encyclopedia of Ecology}, year = {2018}, note = {cited By 0}, pages = {398-428}, publisher = {Elsevier}, organization = {Elsevier}, abstract = {Ernst Haeckel coined the word {\textquotedblleft}oecology{\textquotedblright} in 1866 for a new science, but relevant observations and ideas had already been accumulating since the ancient Greeks. The balance of nature was the first ecological idea; Carl Linnaeus expanded it beyond animals to include plants and named it Oeconomia Naturae. Specialized sciences began to emerge in the early 1800s; among the earliest was phytogeography, founded by Alexander von Humboldt. Evolutionary theories by Lamarck and Charles Darwin were relevant to ecological ideas, since Lamarck thought species evolve rather than become extinct; Darwin saw competition as a cause of extinction. The roots of the main ecological specializations-plant ecology, animal ecology, limnology, and marine ecology-emerged in the 1800s, and limnology and plant ecology became organized by the 1890s. These four specializations were developed throughout the 1900s, as were new ones-primarily population ecology and ecosystem ecology. Ecological societies and journals came to the fore in the 1900s, as did institutions and specialized schools in various universities. Biogeochemistry arose in Russia (the USSR) in the early 1900s, and the Gaia theory arose in 1972. After the Second World War, environmentalism became important in all countries, and ecologists were needed as consultants. The International Biological Program (1964-74) produced many publications on ecosystems throughout the world. {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, isbn = {9780444641304}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.00864-2}, url = {https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079265338\&doi=10.1016\%2fB978-0-12-409548-9.00864-2\&partnerID=40\&md5=e4457a4cb33bbad34af3f40ee6f384e6} } @article {5418, title = {Microbial parasites make cyanobacteria blooms less of a trophic dead-end than commonly assumed}, journal = {The ISME Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2018}, pages = {1008-1020}, abstract = {

Les parasites sont pr{\'e}sents dans tous les {\'e}cosyst{\`e}mes et peuvent {\^e}tre {\`a} l{\textquoteright}origine de changements dans la structure et le fonctionnement des r{\'e}seaux trophiques. Cependant, {\`a} ce jour, nos connaissances concernant les effets des parasites sur la dynamique des r{\'e}seaux trophiques restent limit{\'e}es. Dans cette {\'e}tude, nous analysons le r{\^o}le de parasites microbiens (virus de bact{\'e}ries, phytoplancton et cyanobact{\'e}ries, et des chitrides parasites des cyanobact{\'e}ries) sur le transfert d{\textquoteright}{\'e}nergie et le fonctionnement du r{\'e}seau trophique au cours d{\textquoteright}un bloom de cyanobact{\'e}rie {\`a} l{\textquoteright}aide d{\textquoteright}un mod{\`e}le d{\textquoteright}Analyse Inverse Lin{\'e}aire. Cette mod{\'e}lisation a permis de mettre en {\'e}vidence l{\textquoteright}importance du broutage sur les bact{\'e}ries h{\'e}t{\'e}rotrophes {\`a} travers la voie microbienne (DOC -\> bact{\'e}ries -\> consommateurs), ainsi que la d{\'e}pendance des consommateurs vis {\`a} vis des bact{\'e}ries notamment pendant les blooms de cyanobact{\'e}ries. Au fur et {\`a} mesure que les bact{\'e}ries deviennent la principale source d{\textquoteright}{\'e}nergie des consommateurs, le syst{\`e}me adopte une structure plus complexe, en r{\'e}seau, s{\textquoteright}accompagnant d{\textquoteright}une augmentation de l{\textquoteright}omnivorie du syst{\`e}me. Cette derni{\`e}re pourrait {\^e}tre {\`a} l{\textquoteright}origine d{\textquoteright}une augmentation de la capacit{\'e} du syst{\`e}me {\`a} r{\'e}sister {\`a} l{\textquoteright}efflorescence des cyanobact{\'e}ries. Finalement, nous avons {\'e}galement mis en {\'e}vidence les effets de la destruction des cellules h{\^o}tes des cyanobact{\'e}ries par les chitrides sur la dynamique du r{\'e}seau trophique. En effet, cette derni{\`e}re faciliterait le broutage des cyanobact{\'e}ries et offrirait des voies alternatives aux consommateurs, ce qui augmenteraient la stabilit{\'e} du syst{\`e}me.

Parasites exist in every ecosystem and can have large influence on food-web structure and function, yet, we know little about parasites{\textquoteright} effect on food-web dynamics. Here we investigate the role of microbial parasitism (viruses of bacteria, phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, and parasitic chytrids on cyanobacteria) on the dynamics of trophic pathways and food-web functioning during a cyanobacteria bloom, using linear inverse food-web modeling parameterized with a 2-month long dataset (biomasses, infection parameters, etc.). We show the importance of grazing on heterotrophic bacteria (the microbial pathway: DOC -\> bacteria -\> consumer) and how consumers depended on bacteria during peak-cyanobacteria bloom, which abundance was partly driven by the viral activity. As bacteria become the main energy pathway to the consumers, the system takes a more web-like structure through increased omnivory, and may thereby facilitate the system{\textquoteright}s persistence to the cyanobacteria outbreak. We also showed how the killing of cyanobacteria host-cells by chytrids had important impact on the food-web dynamics by facilitating grazing on the cyanobacteria, and by offering alternative pathways to the consumers. This seemed to increase the system{\textquoteright}s ability to return to a mix of trophic pathways, which theoretically increases the stability of the system.

}, doi = {10.1038/s41396-018-0045-9}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0045-9}, author = {Haraldsson, Matilda and M{\'e}lanie Gerphagnon and Bazin, Pauline and Samuele Tecchio and T{\'e}l{\'e}sphore Sime-Ngando and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {Meddeb201866, title = {Plankton food-web functioning in anthropogenically impacted coastal waters (SW Mediterranean Sea): An ecological network analysis}, journal = {Progress in Oceanography}, volume = {162}, year = {2018}, note = {cited By 4}, pages = {66-82}, publisher = {Elsevier Ltd}, abstract = {The study is the first attempt to (i) model spring food webs in three SW Mediterranean ecosystems which are under different anthropogenic pressures and (ii) to project the consequence of this stress on their function. Linear inverse models were built using the Monte Carlo method coupled with Markov Chains to characterize the food-web status of the Lagoon, the Channel (inshore waters under high eutrophication and chemical contamination) and the Bay of Bizerte (offshore waters under less anthropogenic pressure). Ecological network analysis was used for the description of structural and functional properties of each food web and for inter-ecosystem comparisons. Our results showed that more carbon was produced by phytoplankton in the inshore waters (966{\textendash}1234 mg C m-2 d-1) compared to the Bay (727 mg C m-2 d-1). The total ecosystem carbon inputs into the three food webs was supported by high primary production, which was mainly due to \>10 {\textmu}m algae. However, the three carbon pathways were characterized by low detritivory and a high herbivory which was mainly assigned to protozooplankton. This latter was efficient in channelling biogenic carbon. In the Lagoon and the Channel, foods webs acted almost as a multivorous structure with a tendency towards herbivorous one, whereas in the Bay the herbivorous pathway was more dominant. Ecological indices revealed that the Lagoon and the Channel food webs/systems had high total system throughput and thus were more active than the Bay. The Bay food web, which had a high relative ascendency value, was more organized and specialized. This inter{\textendash}ecosystem difference could be due to the varying levels of anthropogenic impact among sites. Indeed, the low value of Finn{\textquoteright}s cycling index indicated that the three systems are disturbed, but the Lagoon and the Channel, with low average path lengths, appeared to be more stressed, as both sites have undergone higher chemical pollution and nutrient loading. This study shows that ecosystem models combined with ecological indices provide a powerful approach to detect change in environmental status and anthropogenic impacts. {\textcopyright} 2018}, issn = {00796611}, doi = {10.1016/j.pocean.2018.02.013}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079661117300782} } @article {5036, title = {Before-After analysis of the trophic network of an experimental dumping site in the eastern part of the Bay of Seine (English Channel)}, journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin}, volume = {118}, year = {2017}, month = {05/2017}, pages = {101-111}, abstract = {

An experimental study was conducted to assess the physical and biological impacts of muddy fine sand dredged material dumped on a medium sand site Machu offshore the Seine Estuary. Complementary trophic web modelling tools were applied to the Machu ecosystem to analyse the effects of dumping operations. Results show that, after the dumping operations, the biomass of fish increased while invertebrate biomass remained relatively stable through time. Nevertheless, the biomasses of benthic invertebrates, omnivores/scavengers and predators showed some increases, while non-selective deposit feeders and filter feeders decreased. At the ecosystem level, results show that the total ecosystem activity, the ascendency and the overall omnivorous character of the food-web structure increased after dumping operations, whereas recycling subsequently decreased. Finally, the fine and medium sand habitat offshore from the Seine estuary, which undergoes regular natural physical perturbations, shows a high resilience after a short dumping phase. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, issn = {{0025-326X}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.042}}, author = {Pezy, Jean-Philippe and Raoux, Aurore and Marmin, Stella and Balay, Pierre and Nathalie Niquil and Jean-Claude Dauvin} } @article {5037, title = {Benthic and fish aggregation inside an offshore wind farm: Which effects on the trophic web functioning?}, journal = {Ecological indicators}, volume = {72}, year = {2017}, month = {01/2017}, pages = {33-46}, abstract = {

As part of the energy transition, the French government is planning the construction of three offshore wind farms in Normandy (Bay of Seine and eastern part of the English Channel, north-western France) in the next years. These offshore wind farms will be integrated into an ecosystem already facing multiple anthropogenic disturbances such as maritime transport, fisheries, oyster and mussel farming, and sediment dredging. Currently no integrated, ecosystem-based study on the effects of the construction and exploitation of offshore wind farms exists, where biological approaches generally focused on the conservation of some valuable species or groups of species. Complementary trophic web modelling tools were applied to the Bay of Seine ecosystem (to the 50 km(2) area covered by the wind farm) to analyse the potential impacts of benthos and fish aggregation caused by the introduction of additional hard substrates from the piles and the turbine scour protections. An Ecopath ecosystem model composed of 37 compartments, from phytoplankton to seabirds, was built to describe the situation {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}before{{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}} the construction of the wind farm. Then, an Ecosim projection over 30 years was performed after increasing the biomass of targeted benthic and fish compartments. Ecological Network Analysis (ENA) indices were calculated for the two periods, {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}before{{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}} and {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}after{{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright}}, to compare network functioning and the overall structural properties of the food web. Our main results showed (1) that the total ecosystem activity, the overall system omnivory (proportion of generalist feeders), and the recycling increased after the construction of the wind farm; (2) that higher trophic levels such as piscivorous fish species, marine mammals, and seabirds responded positively to the aggregation of biomass on piles and turbine scour protections; and (3) a change in keystone groups after the construction towards more structuring and dominant compartments. Nonetheless, these changes could be considered as limited impacts of the wind farm installation on this coastal trophic web structure and functioning. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, issn = {{1470-160X}}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.07.037}, author = {Raoux, Aurore and Samuele Tecchio and Pezy, Jean-Philippe and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Degraer, Steven and Wilhelmsson, Dan and Cachera, Marie and Ernande, Bruno and Le Guen, Camille and Haraldsson, Matilda and Karine Granger{\'e} and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Dauvin, Jean-Claude and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {5046, title = {Towards ecosystem-based management: identifying operational food-web indicators for marine ecosystems}, journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science}, year = {2017}, pages = {fsw230}, author = {Tam, Jamie C and Link, Jason S and Rossberg, Axel G. and Rogers, Stuart I and Levin, Philip S and Rochet, Marie-Jo{\"e}lle and Bundy, Alida and Belgrano, Andrea and Libralato, Simone and Maciej Tomasz Tomczak and van de Wolfshaar, K and Pranovi, F and Gorokhova, E and Large, S I and Nathalie Niquil and Greenstreet, SPR and Druon, JN and Lesutiene, J and Johansen, M and Preciado, I and Patr{\'\i}cio, Joana and Palialexis, A and Tett, P and Johansen, GO and Houle, J and Rindorf, A} } @article {Tam20172040, title = {Towards ecosystem-based management: Identifying operational food-web indicators for marine ecosystems}, journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science}, volume = {74}, number = {7}, year = {2017}, note = {cited By 25}, pages = {2040-2052}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, abstract = {Modern approaches to Ecosystem-Based Management and sustainable use of marine resources must account for the myriad of pressures (interspecies, human and environmental) affecting marine ecosystems. The network of feeding interactions between co-existing species and populations (food webs) are an important aspect of all marine ecosystems and biodiversity. Here we describe and discuss a process to evaluate the selection of operational food-web indicators for use in evaluating marine ecosystem status. This process brought together experts in food-web ecology, marine ecology, and resource management, to identify available indicators that can be used to inform marine management. Standard evaluation criteria (availability and quality of data, conceptual basis, communicability, relevancy to management) were implemented to identify practical food-web indicators ready for operational use and indicators that hold promise for future use in policy and management. The major attributes of the final suite of operational food-web indicators were structure and functioning. Indicators that represent resilience of the marine ecosystem were less developed. Over 60 potential food-web indicators were evaluated and the final selection of operational food-web indicators includes: the primary production required to sustain a fishery, the productivity of seabirds (or charismatic megafauna), zooplankton indicators, primary productivity, integrated trophic indicators, and the biomass of trophic guilds. More efforts should be made to develop thresholds-based reference points for achieving Good Environmental Status. There is also a need for international collaborations to develop indicators that will facilitate management in marine ecosystems used by multiple countries. {\textcopyright} 2017 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. All rights reserved.}, issn = {10543139}, doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fsw230}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article-abstract/74/7/2040/2970046} } @article {5044, title = {Uses of innovative modeling tools within the implementation of the marine strategy framework directive}, journal = {Bridging the Gap Between Policy and Science in Assessing the Health Status of Marine Ecosystems}, year = {2017}, pages = {75}, author = {Lynam, Christopher P. and Uusitalo, Laura and Patr{\'\i}cio, Joana and Piroddi, Chiara and Queir{\'o}s, Ana M and Teixeira, Heliana and Rossberg, Axel G. and Sagarminaga, Yolanda and Hyder, Kieran and Nathalie Niquil and M{\"o}llmann, C and Wilson, C and Chust, Guillem and Galpasoro, I and Forster, R and Verissimo, H and Tedesco, Letizia and Revilla, M and Neville, Suzanna} } @article {5045, title = {What Is Marine Biodiversity? Towards Common Concepts and Their Implications for Assessing Biodiversity Status. Front}, journal = {Bridging the Gap Between Policy and Science in Assessing the Health Status of Marine Ecosystems}, volume = {3}, year = {2017}, pages = {377}, author = {Cochrane, SKJ and Andersen, JH and Berg, T and Hugues Blanchet and Borja, A and Carstensen, J and Elliott, M and Hummel, H and Nathalie Niquil and Renaud, PE} } @article {5039, title = {Evaluating ecosystem-level anthropogenic impacts in a stressed transitional environment: The case of the Seine estuary}, journal = {ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS}, volume = {61}, year = {2016}, month = {02/2016}, pages = {833-845}, abstract = {

During 2002-2005, a new container terminal in the commercial harbour of Le Havre, named "Port2000", was built on the northern flank of the Seine estuary, northern France. This extension is already known to have modified the estuary current and sediment dynamics, as well as reducing biomass of the suprabenthos assemblage, for the whole downstream part of the system. However, studies on other biotic communities were largely inconclusive, and an ecosystem-wide analysis was still lacking. Here, we performed a before/after study of ecosystem dynamics of the different habitats of the Seine estuary, using a Linear Inverse Modelling technique (LIM-MCMC) to estimate all flows occurring in the food web. Ecological Network Analysis indices were calculated, summarising ecosystem functioning traits and giving indications about the habitat health status. Results showed that the southern flank (FS, Fosse Sud) exhibits all characteristics to be considered as the least stressed habitat of the estuary: system activity and functional specialisation of flows were stable between periods, ecosystem recycling processes and detrital dynamics were also stable; an increase in trophic specialisation (decrease in system omnivory) was the only change confirming a general ecological succession. The northern flank (FN, Fosse Nord), where the actual terminal was built, showed a food web with increased importance of lower trophic levels (increased detritivory and carbon recycling), increased stability and flow efficiency, but possibly regressed to a previous step in ecological succession. In the central navigation channel (CH), patterns of network indices were overall inconclusive and the general image is one of a constantly shifting food web, a condition possibly caused by the year-round dredging activities. The functioning of the Seine estuary especially of FN and FS - seems to have been modified by the combination of harbour construction and the related mitigation measures. Network indices partially captured this combination of changes and, although not fully operational yet, they are promising tools to comply with the European Union mandate of defining ecosystem health status. (c) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

}, issn = {{1470-160X}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.036}}, author = {Samuele Tecchio and Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Raoux, Aurore and Rius, Armonie Tous and Lequesne, Justine and Girardin, Valerie and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Cachera, Marie and Riou, P and Lobry, Jeremy and Dauvin, Jean-Claude and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {5038, title = {From species distributions to ecosystem structure and function: A methodological perspective}, journal = {ECOLOGICAL MODELLING}, volume = {334}, year = {2016}, month = {08/2016}, pages = {78-90}, abstract = {

{As species biology and ecology is profoundly influenced by climate, any climatic alteration may have severe consequences on marine pelagic ecosystems and their food webs. It remains challenging to estimate the influence of climate on both structural and functional properties of food webs. In this study, we proposed an innovative approach to assess the propagating effects of climate change on ecosystem food web. The approach is based on a sensitivity analysis of a food-web model, a linear inverse model using a Monte Carlo method coupled with a Markov Chain, in which changes in the values of parameters are driven by external Ecological Niche Model outputs. Our sensitivity analysis was restricted to parameters regarding a keystone functional group in marine ecosystems, i.e. small pelagic fish. At the ecosystem level, the consequences were evaluated using both structural and functional ecological network indices. The approach is innovative as it is the first time that these three methods were combined to assess ecological network indices sensitivity to future climatic pressure. This coupling method was applied on the French continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay for which a food-web model already exists and where future changes in the distribution of small pelagic fish have already been examined through model building and projections. In response to the sensitivity analysis corresponding to an increase in small pelagics production only, our results suggested a more active system with an intense plankton-small pelagics-seabirds chain and an efficient recycling to maximize detritus use in the system in relation with detritus export. All results combined together seemed to be in favor of a system adapting to sustain the tested increase in production of small pelagic planktivores. Finally, regarding the innovative combination of numerical tools presented, even if further investigations are still necessary to get a more realistic view of cumulative effects resulting from one given pressure (or more) on a food web (e.g. altering different biological compartments at the same time), the Ecological Network Analysis indices values showed a higher variability under the scenarios of change. Our study thus pointed out a promising methodology to assess propagating changes in structural and functional ecosystem properties. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}

}, issn = {{0304-3800}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.04.022}}, author = {Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Virginie Raybaud and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Saint-B{\'e}at, B and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Bopp, Laurent and Samuele Tecchio and Safi, Georges and Chifflet, Marina and Lobry, Jeremy and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {5043, title = {Hydrothermal Fe cycling and deep ocean organic carbon scavenging: Model-based evidence for significant POC supply to seafloor sediments}, journal = {EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS}, volume = {419}, year = {2015}, month = {JUN 1}, pages = {143-153}, abstract = {

Submarine hydrothermal venting has recently been identified to have the potential to impact ocean biogeochemistry at the global scale. This is the case because processes active in hydrothermal plumes are so vigorous that the residence time of the ocean, with respect to cycling through hydrothermal plumes, is comparable to that of deep ocean mixing caused by thermohaline circulation. Recently, it has been argued that seafloor venting may provide a significant source of bio-essential Fe to the oceans as the result of a close coupling between Fe and organic carbon in hydrothermal plumes. But a complementary question remains to be addressed: does this same intimate Fe-C-org association in hydrothermal plumes cause any related impact to the global C cycle? To address this, SCOR-InterRidge Working Group 135 developed a modeling approach to synthesize site-specific field data from the East Pacific Rise 9 degrees 50{\textquoteright} N hydrothermal field, where the range of requisite data sets is most complete, and combine those inputs with global estimates for dissolved Fe inputs from venting to the oceans to establish a coherent model with which to investigate hydrothermal C-org cycling. The results place new constraints on submarine Fe vent fluxes worldwide, including an indication that the majority of Fe supplied to hydrothermal plumes should come from entrainment of diffuse flow. While this same entrainment is not predicted to enhance the supply of dissolved organic carbon to hydrothermal plumes by more than similar to 10\% over background values, what the model does indicate is that scavenging of carbon in association with Fe-rich hydrothermal plume particles should play a significant role in the delivery of particulate organic carbon to deep ocean sediments, worldwide. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, issn = {{0012-821X}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.012}}, author = {German, C. R. and Legendre, L and Sander, S. G. and Nathalie Niquil and LutherIII, G. W. and Bharati, L. and Han, X. and Le Bris, Nadine} } @article {5041, title = {Incorporating food-web parameter uncertainty into Ecopath-derived ecological network indicators}, journal = {ECOLOGICAL MODELLING}, volume = {313}, year = {2015}, month = {OCT 10}, pages = {29-40}, abstract = {

Ecological network analysis (ENA) provides numerous ecosystem level indices offering a valuable approach to compare and categorize the ecological structure and function of ecosystems. The inclusion of ENA methods in Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) has insured their continued contribution to ecosystem-based management. In EwE, ENA-derived ecological conclusions are currently based on single values of ENA indices calculated from a unique input flow matrix. Here, we document an easy-to-use routine that allows EwE users to incorporate uncertainty in EwE input data into the calculation of ENA indices. This routine, named ENAtool, is a suite of Matlab functions that performs three main steps: (1) import of an existing Ecopath model and its associated parameter uncertainty values in the form of uncertainty intervals into Matlab; (2) generation of an ensemble of Ecopath models with the same structure as the original, and with parameter values varying based on the prescribed uncertainty limits; and (3) calculation of a set of 13 ENA indices for each ensemble member (one set of flow values) and of summary statistics across the whole ensemble. This novel routine offers the opportunity to calculate ENA indices ranges and confidence intervals, and thus to perform quantitative data analyses. An application of ENAtool on a pre-existing Ecopath model of the Bay of Biscay continental shelf is presented, with a focus on the robustness of previously published ENA-based ecological traits of this ecosystem when the newly introduced uncertainty values are added. We also describe the sensitivity of the ENAtool results to both the number of ensemble members used and to the uncertainty interval set around each input parameter. Ecological conclusions derived from EwE, particularly those regarding the comparison of structural and functional elements for a range of ecosystem types or the assessment of ecosystem properties along gradients of environmental conditions or anthropogenic disturbances, will gain in statistical interpretability. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, issn = {{0304-3800}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.05.036}}, author = {Guesnet, Vanessa and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Kearney, Kelly and Saint-B{\'e}at, B and Karimi, Battle and Grami, Boutheina and Samuele Tecchio and Nathalie Niquil and Lobry, Jeremy} } @article {5042, title = {The mosaic of habitats of the Seine estuary: Insights from food-web modelling and network analysis}, journal = {ECOLOGICAL MODELLING}, volume = {312}, year = {2015}, month = {09/2015}, pages = {91-101}, abstract = {

Ecological network analysis was applied in the Seine estuary ecosystem, northern France, integrating ecological data from the years 1996 to 2002. The Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) approach was used to model the trophic flows in 6 spatial compartments leading to 6 distinct EwE models: the navigation channel and the two channel flanks in the estuary proper, and 3 marine habitats in the eastern Seine Bay. Each model included 12 consumer groups, 2 primary producers, and one detritus group. Ecological network analysis was performed, including a set of indices, keystoneness, and trophic spectrum analysis to describe the contribution of the 6 habitats to the Seine estuary ecosystem functioning. Results showed that the two habitats with a functioning most related to a stressed state were the northern and central navigation channels, where building works and constant maritime traffic are considered major anthropogenic stressors. The strong top-down control highlighted in the other 4 habitats was not present in the central channel, showing instead (i) a change in keystone roles in the ecosystem towards sediment-based, lower trophic levels, and (ii) a higher system omnivory. The southern channel evidenced the highest system activity (total system throughput), the higher trophic specialisation (low system omnivory), and the lowest indication of stress (low cycling and relative redundancy). Marine habitats showed higher fish biomass proportions and higher transfer efficiencies per trophic levels than the estuarine habitats, with a transition area between the two that presented intermediate ecosystem structure. The modelling of separate habitats permitted disclosing each one{\textquoteright}s response to the different pressures, based on their a priori knowledge. Network indices, although non-monotonously, responded to these differences and seem a promising operational tool to define the ecological status of transitional water ecosystems. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

}, issn = {{0304-3800}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.05.026}}, author = {Samuele Tecchio and Rius, Armonie Tous and Dauvin, Jean-Claude and Lobry, Jeremy and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Morin, Jocelyne and Bacq, Nicolas and Cachera, Marie and Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Villanueva, Maria Ching and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {5048, title = {A new modeling approach to define marine ecosystems food-web status with uncertainty assessment}, journal = {Progress in Oceanography}, volume = {135}, year = {2015}, pages = {37{\textendash}47}, author = {Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Saint-B{\'e}at, B and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Francois and Samuele Tecchio and Safi, Georges and Savenkoff, Claude and Lobry, Jeremy and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {5049, title = {Trophic networks: How do theories link ecosystem structure and functioning to stability properties? A review}, journal = {Ecological indicators}, volume = {52}, year = {2015}, pages = {458{\textendash}471}, author = {Saint-B{\'e}at, B and Dan Baird and H Asmus and R Asmus and Bacher, C and Pacella, S R and Johnson, Galen A and David, Val{\'e}rie and V{\'e}zina, A F and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {5040, title = {Using ecological models to assess ecosystem status in support of the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive}, journal = {ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS}, volume = {58}, year = {2015}, month = {NOV}, pages = {175-191}, abstract = {

The European Union{\textquoteright}s Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) seeks to achieve, for all European seas, "Good Environmental Status" (GEnS), by 2020. Ecological models are currently one of the strongest approaches used to predicting and understanding the consequences of anthropogenic and climate-driven changes in the natural environment. We assess the most commonly used capabilities of the modelling community to provide information about indicators outlined in the MSFD, particularly on biodiversity, food webs, non-indigenous species and seafloor integrity descriptors. We built a catalogue of models and their derived indicators to assess which models were able to demonstrate: (1) the linkages between indicators and ecosystem structure and function and (2) the impact of pressures on ecosystem state through indicators. Our survey identified 44 ecological models being implemented in Europe, with a high prevalence of those that focus on links between hydrodynamics and biogeochemistry, followed by end-to-end, species distribution/habitat suitability, bio-optical (remote sensing) and multispecies models. Approximately 200 indicators could be derived from these models, the majority of which were biomass and physical/hydrological/chemical indicators. Biodiversity and food webs descriptors, with similar to 49\% and similar to 43\% respectively, were better addressed in the reviewed modelling approaches than the non-indigenous species (0.3\%) and sea floor integrity (similar to 8\%) descriptors. Out of 12 criteria and 21 MSFD indicators relevant to the abovementioned descriptors, currently only three indicators were not addressed by the 44 models reviewed. Modelling approaches showed also the potential to inform on the complex, integrative ecosystem dimensions while addressing ecosystem fundamental properties, such as interactions between structural components and ecosystems services provided, despite the fact that they are not part of the MSFD indicators set. The cataloguing of models and their derived indicators presented in this study, aim at helping the planning and integration of policies like the MSFD which require the assessment of all European Seas in relation to their ecosystem status and pressures associated and the establishment of environmental targets (through the use of indicators) to achieve GEnS by 2020. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

}, issn = {{1470-160X}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.05.037}}, author = {Piroddi, Chiara and Teixeira, Heliana and Lynam, Christopher P. and Smith, Chris and Alvarez, Maria C. and Mazik, Krysia and Andonegi, Eider and Churilova, Tanya and Tedesco, Letizia and Chifflet, Marina and Chust, Guillem and Galparsoro, Ibon and Garcia, Ana Carla and Kamari, Maria and Kryvenko, Olga and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Neville, Suzanna and Nathalie Niquil and Papadopoulou, Nadia and Rossberg, Axel G. and Suslin, Vjacheslav and Uyarra, Maria C.} } @article {Lassale_etal2013, title = {{Combining quantitative and qualitative models to identify functional groups for monitoring changes in the Bay of Biscay continental shelf exploited foodweb}}, journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science}, volume = {71}, number = {1}, year = {2014}, pages = {105{\textendash}117}, abstract = {

To develop and implement ecosystem-based management, it is critical to monitor foodweb components or functional groups which are robust to uncertainty in ecosystem structure and functioning yet sensitive to changes. To select such functional groups for the Bay of Biscay continental shelf, both quantitative and qualitative foodweb models were developed. First, functional groups for which predictions of directions of change following an increase in primary productivity, prey or predators, or in fishing activities were identical across alternative qualitative model structures were identified. Second, the robustness to model type was assessed by comparing qualitative predictions with quantitative Ecopath model results. The demersal fish community was identified as a sensitive and robust indicator for monitoring foodweb ecological status in the Bay of Biscay. The present study also suggested the potential antagonistic effects of alternative management measures on small pelagic fish and highlighted the need for the joint management of all pressures.

}, keywords = {comparative studies, ecosystem management, foodweb, loop analysis, Northeast Atlantic continental shelf}, doi = {10.1093/icesjms/fst107}, author = {G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Nelva Pasqual, J-S and Bo{\"e}t, P and Rochet, M J and Trenkel, V M and Nathalie Niquil} } @article {Saint-B{\'e}at2014144, title = {How does the resuspension of the biofilm alter the functioning of the benthos-pelagos coupled food web of a bare mudflat in Marennes-Ol{\'e}ron Bay (NE Atlantic)?}, journal = {Journal of Sea Research}, volume = {92}, year = {2014}, note = {cited By 17}, pages = {144-157}, doi = {10.1016/j.seares.2014.02.003}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S138511011400029X} } @article {5053, title = {Parasitic chytrids sustain zooplankton growth during inedible algal bloom}, journal = {Frontiers in microbiology}, volume = {5}, year = {2014}, author = {Rasconi, S and Grami, Boutheina and Nathalie Niquil and Jobard, Marl{\`e}ne and Sime-Ngando, T} } @article {SakkaHlaili_etal2013, title = {Planktonic food webs revisited : reanalysis of results from the linear inverse approach}, journal = {Progress in Oceanography}, volume = {120}, year = {2014}, month = {01/2014}, pages = {216{\textendash}229}, abstract = {

Identification of the trophic pathway that dominates a given planktonic assemblage is generally based on the distribution of biomasses among food-web compartments, or better, the flows of materials or energy among compartments. These flows are obtained by field observations and a posteriori analyses, including the linear inverse approach. In the present study, we re-analysed carbon flows obtained by inverse analysis at 32 stations in the global ocean and one large lake. Our results do not support two {\textquotedblleft}classical{\textquotedblright} views of plankton ecology, i.e. that the herbivorous food web is dominated by mesozooplankton grazing on large phytoplankton, and the microbial food web is based on microzooplankton significantly consuming bacteria; our results suggest instead that phytoplankton are generally grazed by microzooplankton, of which they are the main food source. Furthermore, we identified the {\textquotedblleft}phyto-microbial food web{\textquotedblright}, where microzooplankton largely feed on phytoplankton, in addition to the already known {\textquotedblleft}poly-microbial food web{\textquotedblright}, where microzooplankton consume more or less equally various types of food. These unexpected results led to a (re)definition of the conceptual models corresponding to the four trophic pathways we found to exist in plankton, i.e. the herbivorous, multivorous, and two types of microbial food web. We illustrated the conceptual trophic pathways using carbon flows that were actually observed at representative stations. The latter can be calibrated to correspond to any field situation. Our study also provides researchers and managers with operational criteria for identifying the dominant trophic pathway in a planktonic assemblage, these criteria being based on the values of two carbon ratios that could be calculated from flow values that are relatively easy to estimate in the field.

}, doi = {10.1016/j.pocean.2013.09.003}, author = {Sakka-Hlaili, A and Nathalie Niquil and Legendre, L} } @article {5050, title = {Reaction of an estuarine food web to disturbance: Lindeman{\textquoteright}s perspective}, journal = {Marine Ecology Progress Series}, volume = {512}, year = {2014}, pages = {141{\textendash}154}, author = {Nathalie Niquil and Baeta, Alexandra and Marques, Jo{\~a}o Carlos and Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Lobry, Jeremy and Patr{\'\i}cio, Joana} } @article {5052, title = {A toolbox to evaluate data reliability for whole-ecosystem models: application on the Bay of Biscay continental shelf food-web model}, journal = {Ecological modelling}, volume = {285}, year = {2014}, pages = {13{\textendash}21}, author = {G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Bourdaud, Pierre and Saint-B{\'e}at, B and Rochette, S{\'e}bastien and Nathalie Niquil} }