@article {9536, title = {Spatial patterns and autocorrelation challenges in ecological conservation}, journal = {Peer Community in Ecology}, year = {2024}, month = {Mar-01-2024}, doi = {10.24072/pci.ecology10.24072/pci.ecology.100536}, url = {https://ecology.peercommunityin.org/}, author = {Goberville, Eric} } @article {9192, title = {Data quality control considerations in multivariate environmental monitoring: experience of the French coastal network SOMLIT}, journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science}, volume = {10}, year = {2023}, month = {Feb-04-2025}, doi = {doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1135446}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2023.1135446/full}, author = {Breton, Elsa and Savoye, Nicolas and Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy and Sautour, Benoit and Goberville, Eric and Lheureux, Arnaud and Cariou, Thierry and Ferreira, Sophie and Agogue, Helene and Alliouane, Samir and Aubert, Fabien and Aubin, S{\'e}bastien and Berthebaud, Eric and Blayac, Hadrien and Blondel, Lucie and Boulart, C{\'e}dric and Bozec, Yann and Bureau, Sarah and Caillo, Arnaud and Cauvin, Arnaud and Cazes, Jean-Baptiste and Chasselin, L{\'e}o and Pascal Claquin and Conan, Pascal and Cordier, Marie-Ange and Costes, Laurence and Crec{\textquoteright}hriou, Romain and Crispi, Olivier and Crouvoisier, Muriel and David, Val{\'e}rie and Del Amo, Yolanda and De Lary, Hortense and Delebecq, Gaspard and Devesa, J{\'e}r{\'e}my and Domeau, Aur{\'e}lien and Durozier, Maria and Emery, Claire and Eric Feunteun and Juliette Fauchot and Gentilhomme, Val{\'e}rie and Geslin, Sandrine and Giraud, M{\'e}lanie and Granger{\'e}, Karine and Gr{\'e}gori, Gerald and Grossteffan, Emilie and Gueux, Aurore and Guillaudeau, Julien and Guillou, Ga{\"e}l and Harrewyn, Manon and Jolly, Orianne and Jude-Lemeilleur, Florence and Labatut, Paul and Labourdette, Nathalie and Lachauss{\'e}e, Nicolas and Lafont, Michel and Lagadec, V{\'e}ronique and Lambert, Christophe and Lamoureux, Jezebel and Lanceleur, Laurent and Lebreton, Beno{\^\i}t and Lecuyer, Eric and Lemeille, David and Leredde, Yann and Leroux, C{\'e}dric and Leynaert, Aude and L{\textquoteright}Helguen, St{\'e}phane and Li{\'e}nart, Camilla and Mac{\'e}, Eric and Maria, Eric and Marie, Barbara and Marie, Dominique and Mas, S{\'e}bastien and Mendes, Fabrice and Mornet, Line and Mostajir, Behzad and Mousseau, Laure and Nowaczyk, Antoine and Nunige, Sandra and Parra, Ren{\'e} and Paulin, Thomas and Pecqueur, David and Petit, Franck and Pineau, Philippe and Raimbault, Patrick and Rigaut-Jalabert, Fabienne and Salmeron, Christophe and Salter, Ian and Sauriau, Pierre-Guy and Seuront, Laurent and Sultan, Emmanuelle and Vald{\`e}s, R{\'e}mi and Vantrepotte, Vincent and Vidussi, Francesca and Voron, Florian and Vuillemin, Renaud and Zudaire, Laurent. and Garcia, Nicole} } @article {9277, title = {Major declines in NE Atlantic plankton contrast with more stable populations in the rapidly warming North Sea}, journal = {Science of The Total Environment}, year = {2023}, month = {Jan-07-2023}, pages = {165505}, abstract = {Plankton form the base of marine food webs, making them important indicators of ecosystem status. Changes in the abundance of plankton functional groups, or lifeforms, can affect higher trophic levels and can indicate important shifts in ecosystem functioning. Here, we extend this knowledge by combining data from Continuous Plankton Recorder and fixed-point stations to provide the most comprehensive analysis of plankton time-series for the North-East Atlantic and North-West European shelf to date. We analysed 24 phytoplankton and zooplankton datasets from 15 research institutions to map 60-year abundance trends for 8 planktonic lifeforms. Most lifeforms decreased in abundance (e.g. dinoflagellates: -5 \%, holoplankton: -7 \% decade-1), except for meroplankton, which increased 12 \% decade-1, reflecting widespread changes in large-scale and localised processes. K-means clustering of assessment units according to abundance trends revealed largely opposing trend direction between shelf and oceanic regions for most lifeforms, with North Sea areas characterised by increasing coastal abundance, while abundance decreased in North-East Atlantic areas. Individual taxa comprising each phytoplankton lifeform exhibited similar abundance trends, whereas taxa grouped within zooplankton lifeforms were more variable. These regional contrasts are counterintuitive, since the North Sea which has undergone major warming, changes in nutrients, and past fisheries perturbation has changed far less, from phytoplankton to fish larvae, as compared to the more slowly warming North-East Atlantic with lower nutrient supply and fishing pressure. This more remote oceanic region has shown a major and worrying decline in the traditional food web. Although the causal mechanisms remain unclear, declining abundance of key planktonic lifeforms in the North-East Atlantic, including diatoms and copepods, are a cause of major concern for the future of food webs and should provide a red flag to politicians and policymakers about the prioritisation of future management and adaptation measures required to ensure future sustainable use of the marine ecosystem.}, issn = {00489697}, doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165505}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969723041281}, author = {Holland, Matthew M. and Louchart, Arnaud and Artigas, Luis Felipe and Ostle, Clare and Atkinson, Angus and Rombouts, Isabelle and Graves, Carolyn A. and Devlin, Michelle and Heyden, Birgit and Machairopoulou, Margarita and Bresnan, Eileen and Schilder, Jos and Jakobsen, Hans H. and Llody-Hartley, Hannah and Tett, Paul and Best, Mike and Goberville, Eric and McQuatters-Gollop, Abigail} } @article {9267, title = {Note technique : Estimation de l{\textquoteright}abondance du zooplancton g{\'e}latineux {\`a} partir de traits de chaluts}, year = {2023}, keywords = {campagnes optimis{\'e}es DCSMM, chalut, zooplancton g{\'e}latineux}, doi = {10.13155/92936}, url = {https://hal.science/hal-04003132}, author = {Lheureux, Arnaud and Vaz, Sandrine and Antajan, Elvire and Vincent, Doroth{\'e}e and Lombard, Fabien and Goberville, Eric and Sacchi, Jacques and Morandeau, Fabien} } @book {9244, title = {Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental SciencesModelling species distribution, ecosystem structure and function and climate change}, year = {2023}, publisher = {Elsevier}, organization = {Elsevier}, abstract = {In recent decades, oceans have been increasingly stressed by human activities that induced significant changes in its abiotic properties. Temperature increase, acidification,\ deoxygenation, deregulation of ocean currents are some examples of the anthropogenic impact on our oceans. In addition, pollution and\ overexploitation\ of marine resources will lead to severe and possibly irreversible changes for marine life. As environmental conditions directly affect the physiology of species, changes in species distribution and\ trophic interactions\ have already been observed and are expected to increase in the near future. Predicting future oceans is currently a great challenge for scientists that work to maintain, as best as possible, the goods and services they provide. In this context, ecologists have developed several modeling approaches able to simulate changes in both species distribution (Ecological Niche Models {\textendash} ENMs) and interactions (static and dynamic food-web models). This chapter explains these two approaches in detail as well as the ways by which these two families of models can be coupled. In each part, the main existing algorithms will be reviewed, with their advantages and limitations, and some key examples retrieved from recent scientific literature will be presented. Finally, we will discuss the current issues of these methods and their potential improvement.}, isbn = {9780124095489}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-323-90798-9.00028-7}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/B9780323907989000287}, author = {Saint-B{\'e}at, Blanche and Nogues, Quentin and Nathalie Niquil and Bourdaud, Pierre and Virginie Raybaud and Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Ben Rais Lasram, Frida and Le Loc{\textquoteright}h, Fran{\c c}ois and Schickele, Alexandre} } @article {9274, title = {Threatened fish species in the Northeast Atlantic are functionally rare}, journal = {Global Ecology and Biogeography}, year = {2023}, month = {Dec-07-2023}, abstract = {The criteria used to define the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List categories are essentially based on demographic parameters at the species level, but they do not integrate species{\textquoteright} traits or their roles in ecosystems. Consequently, current IUCN-based protection measures may not be sufficient to conserve ecosystem functioning and services. Some species may have a singular combination of traits associated with unique functions. Such functionally distinct species are increasingly recognized as a key facet of biodiversity since they are, by definition, functionally irreplaceable. The aim of this study is to investigate whether threatened species are also functionally rare and to identify which traits determine extinction risk.}, issn = {1466-822X}, doi = {10.1111/geb.13731}, author = {Coulon, No{\'e}mie and Lindegren, Martin and Goberville, Eric and Toussaint, Aur{\`e}le and Receveur, Aurore and Arnaud Auber} } @article {8736, title = {Expected contraction in the distribution ranges of demersal fish of high economic value in the Mediterranean and European SeasAbstract}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {12}, year = {2022}, month = {Jan-12-2022}, abstract = {Fisheries and aquaculture are facing many challenges worldwide, especially adaptation to climate change. Investigating future distributional changes of largely harvested species has become an extensive research topic, aiming at providing realistic ecological scenarios on which to build management measures, to help fisheries and aquaculture adapt to future climate-driven changes. Here, we use an ensemble modelling approach to estimate the contemporary and future distributional range of eight demersal fish species of high economic value in the Mediterranean Sea. We identify a cardinal influence of (i) temperature on fish species distributions, all being shaped by yearly mean and seasonality in sea bottom temperature, and (ii) the primary production. By assessing the effects of changes in future climate conditions under three Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) scenarios over three periods of the twenty-first century, we project a contraction of the distributional range of the eight species in the Mediterranean Sea, with a general biogeographical displacement towards the North European coasts. This will help anticipating changes in future catch potential in a warmer world, which is expected to have substantial economic consequences for Mediterranean fisheries.}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-022-14151-8}, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-14151-8}, author = {Ben Lamine, Emna and Schickele, Alexandre and Goberville, Eric and Beaugrand, Gr{\'e}gory and Allemand, Denis and Raybaud, Virginie} } @article {8821, title = {A functional vulnerability framework for biodiversity conservation}, journal = {Nature Communications}, volume = {13}, year = {2022}, month = {Sep}, pages = {4774}, abstract = {Setting appropriate conservation strategies in a multi-threat world is a challenging goal, especially because of natural complexity and budget limitations that prevent effective management of all ecosystems. Safeguarding the most threatened ecosystems requires accurate and integrative quantification of their vulnerability and their functioning, particularly the potential loss of species trait diversity which imperils their functioning. However, the magnitude of threats and associated biological responses both have high uncertainties. Additionally, a major difficulty is the recurrent lack of reference conditions for a fair and operational measurement of vulnerability. Here, we present a functional vulnerability framework that incorporates uncertainty and reference conditions into a generalizable tool. Through in silico simulations of disturbances, our framework allows us to quantify the vulnerability of communities to a wide range of threats. We demonstrate the relevance and operationality of our framework, and its global, scalable and quantitative comparability, through three case studies on marine fishes and mammals. We show that functional vulnerability has marked geographic and temporal patterns. We underline contrasting contributions of species richness and functional redundancy to the level of vulnerability among case studies, indicating that our integrative assessment can also identify the drivers of vulnerability in a world where uncertainty is omnipresent.}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-022-32331-y}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-32331-y}, author = {Auber, Arnaud and Waldock, Conor and Maire, Anthony and Goberville, Eric and Albouy, Camille and Algar, Adam C. and McLean, Matthew and Brind{\textquoteright}Amour, Anik and Green, Alison L. and Tupper, Mark and Vigliola, Laurent and Kaschner, Kristin and Kesner-Reyes, Kathleen and Beger, Maria and Tjiputra, Jerry and Toussaint, Aur{\`e}le and Violle, Cyrille and Mouquet, Nicolas and Thuiller, Wilfried and Mouillot, David} } @article {9024, title = {Interannual variability of the initiation of the phytoplankton growing period in two French coastal ecosystems}, journal = {Biogeosciences}, volume = {19}, year = {2022}, pages = {5667{\textendash}5687}, abstract = {Decadal time series of chlorophyll\ a\ concentrations sampled at high and low frequencies are explored to study climate-induced impacts on the processes inducing interannual variations in the initiation of the phytoplankton growing period (IPGP) in early spring. We specifically detail the IPGP in two contrasting coastal temperate ecosystems under the influence of rivers highly rich in nutrients: the Bay of Brest and the Bay of Vilaine. In both coastal ecosystems, we observed a large interannual variation in the IPGP influenced by sea temperature, river inputs, light availability (modulated by solar radiation and water turbidity), and turbulent mixing generated by tidal currents, wind stress, and river runoff. We show that the IPGP is delayed by around 30 d in 2019 in comparison with 2010. In situ observations and a one-dimensional vertical model coupling hydrodynamics, biogeochemistry, and sediment dynamics show that the IPGP generally does not depend on one specific environmental factor but on the interaction between several environmental factors. In these two bays, we demonstrate that the IPGP is mainly caused by sea surface temperature and available light conditions, mostly controlled by the turbidity of the system before first blooms. While both bays are hydrodynamically contrasted, the processes that modulate the IPGP are similar. In both bays, the IPGP can be delayed by cold spells and flood events at the end of winter, provided that these extreme events last several days.}, doi = {10.5194/bg-19-5667-2022}, url = {https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/19/5667/2022/}, author = {Poppeschi, Coline and Charria, Guillaume and Daniel, Anne and Verney, Romaric and Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy and Retho, Micha{\"e}l and Goberville, Eric and Emilie Grossteffan and Plus, Martin} } @article {8902, title = {Multiple phytoplankton community responses to environmental change in a temperate coastal system: A trait-based approach}, journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science}, volume = {9}, year = {2022}, month = {Jun-10-2022}, abstract = {The effect of environmental change in structuring the phytoplankton communities of the coastal waters of the Eastern English Channel was investigated by applying a trait-based approach on two decades (1996-2019) of monitoring on diatoms and\ Phaeocystis. We show that phytoplankton species richness in an unbalanced nutrient supply context was influenced by wind-driven processes, ecological specialization for dissolved inorganic phosphorous, temporal niche differentiation, and a competition-defense and/or a growth-defense trade-off, a coexistence mechanism where weak competitors (i.e., slower growing) are better protected against predation. Under the influence of both environmental perturbations (e.g., wind-driven processes, freshwater influence, unbalanced nutrient levels) and biotic interactions (e.g., competition, predation, facilitation), phytoplankton species exhibited specific survival strategies such as investment on growth, adaptation and tolerance of species to environmental stresses, silicification and resource specialization. These strategies have led to more speciose communities, higher productivity, functional redundancy and stability in the last decade. Our results revealed that the unbalanced nutrient reduction facilitated\ Phaeocystis\ blooms and that anthropogenic climate warming and nitrate reduction may threaten the diatom communities of the eastern English Channel in a near future. Our results provide strong support for biogeographical historical and niche-based processes in structuring the phytoplankton community in this temperate region. The variety of species responses that we characterized in this region may help to better understand future changes in pelagic ecosystems, and can serve as a basis to consider functional approaches for future ecosystem management.}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.914475}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.914475/full}, author = {Elsa Breton and Goberville, Eric and Benoit Sautour and Ouadi, Anis and Skouroliakou, Dimitra-Ioli and Seuront, Laurent and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Kl{\'e}parski, Lo{\"\i}ck and Crouvoisier, Muriel and Pecqueur, David and Salmeron, Christophe and Cauvin, Arnaud and Poquet, Adrien and Garcia, Nicole and Gohin, Francis and Christaki, Urania} } @article {8946, title = {Preventing misuse of high-resolution remote sensing data}, journal = {Peer Community In Ecology}, year = {2022}, month = {Jul-10-2024}, abstract = {To observe, characterise, identify, understand, predict... This is the approach that researchers follow every day. This sequence is tirelessly repeated as the biological model, the targeted ecosystem and/or the experimental, environmental or modelling conditions change. This way of proceeding is essential in a world of rapid change in response to the frenetic pace of intensifying pressures and forcings that impact ecosystems. To better understand our Earth and the dynamics of its components, to map ecosystems and diversity patterns, and to identify changes, humanity had to demonstrate inventiveness and defy gravity.}, doi = {10.24072/pci.ecology.100102}, url = {https://ecology.peercommunityin.org/articles/rec?id=403}, author = {Goberville, Eric} } @article {8696, title = {Seasonal dynamics of marine protist communities in tidally mixed coastal waters}, journal = {Molecular Ecology}, year = {2022}, month = {Aug-05-2023}, abstract = {Major seasonal community reorganizations and associated biomass variations are landmarks of plankton ecology. However, the processes of plankton community turnover rates have not been fully elucidated so far. Here, we analyse patterns of planktonic protist community succession in temperate latitudes, based on quantitative taxonomic data from both microscopy counts (cells \> 10 μm) and ribosomal DNA metabarcoding (size fraction \> 3 μm, 18S rRNA gene) from plankton samples collected biweekly over 8 years (2009-2016) at the SOMLIT-Astan station (Roscoff, Western English Channel). Based on morphology, diatoms were clearly the dominating group all year round and over the study period. Metabarcoding uncovered a wider diversity spectrum and revealed the prevalence of Dinophyceae and diatoms but also of Cryptophyta, Chlorophyta, Cercozoa, Syndiniales and Ciliophora in terms of read counts and or richness. The use of morphological and molecular analyses in combination allowed improving the taxonomic resolution and to identify the sequence of the dominant species and OTUs (18S V4 rDNA-derived taxa) that drive annual plankton successions. We detected that some of these dominant OTUs were benthic as a result of the intense tidal mixing typical of the French coasts in the English Channel. Our analysis of the temporal structure of community changes point to a strong seasonality and resilience. The temporal structure of environmental variables (especially Photosynthetic Active Radiation, temperature and macronutrients) and temporal structures generated by species life cycles and or species interactions, are key drivers of the observed cyclic annual plankton turnover.}, issn = {0962-1083}, doi = {10.1111/mec.16539}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mec.16539}, author = {Caracciolo, Mariarita and Rigaut-Jalabert, Fabienne and Romac, Sarah and Mah{\'e}, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric and Forsans, Samuel and Gac, Jean-Philippe and Arsenieff, Laure and Manno, Maxime and Chaffron, Samuel and Cariou, Thierry and Hoebeke, Mark and Bozec, Yann and Goberville, Eric and Le Gall, Florence and Guilloux, Lo{\"\i}c and Baudoux, Anne-Claire and de Vargas, Colomban and Not, Fabrice and Thi{\'e}baut, Eric and Henry, Nicolas and Simon, Nathalie} } @article {8887, title = {Temporal characteristics of plankton indicators in coastal waters: High-frequency data from PlanktonScope}, journal = {Journal of Sea Research}, volume = {189}, year = {2022}, month = {Jan-11-2022}, pages = {102283}, abstract = {Plankton\ are excellent indicators of ecosystem status and fisheries because of their pivotal role in marine food webs and their core values in the integrated\ ecosystem assessment\ (IEA). Monitoring plankton is essential to understand their dynamics and underlying processes. Recent advances in imaging technologies have enabled in situ, high-frequency, real-time observations of plankton in coastal waters. While high-frequency plankton time series have provided unprecedented fundamental information about physical and biological processes, understanding and identifying the underlying mechanisms that influence plankton dynamic remains a major challenge. We use high-frequency plankton data from PlanktonScope as an example to examine the impacts of physical and biological processes on plankton dynamics at different temporal scales. Frequency patterns were identified for both environmental factors and different plankton groups that matched in time. Using logistic regression models on the selected daily peaks for different plankton groups, we found that diurnal cycle,\ monsoon\ season, and major\ episodic events, such as\ typhoons, had major impacts on the dynamics of plankton, as proxied by our indicators. We further synthesized, across multiple spatiotemporal scales in the study area, the impacts of various processes on plankton with different mobility. Our study demonstrates that the suite of plankton indicators simultaneously generated from PlanktonScope provides a robust holistic view of\ pelagic ecosystem\ status over a broad range of spatiotemporal scales. In situ imaging systems like PlanktonScope are promising tools for near real-time plankton monitoring and a deep understanding of plankton dynamics.}, issn = {13851101}, doi = {10.1016/j.seares.2022.102283}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1385110122001216}, author = {Bi, Hongsheng and Song, Junting and Zhao, Jian and Liu, Hui and Cheng, Xuemin and Wang, Linlin and Cai, Zhonghua and Benfield, Mark C. and Otto, Saskia and Goberville, Eric and Keister, Julie and Yang, Yong and Yu, Xinglong and Cai, Jun and Ying, Kezhen and Alessandra Conversi} } @article {7654, title = {Annual phytoplankton succession results from niche-environment interactionAbstract}, journal = {Journal of Plankton Research}, volume = {43}, year = {2021}, month = {12/2020}, pages = {85{\textendash}102}, abstract = {Annual plankton succession has been investigated for many decades with hypotheses ranging from abiotic to biotic mechanisms being proposed to explain these recurrent patterns. Here, using data collected by the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey and models originating from the MacroEcological Theory on the Arrangement of Life, we investigate Annual Phytoplankton Succession (APS) in the North Sea at a species level. Our results show that this phenomenon can be predicted well by models combining photosynthetically active radiation, temperature and macro-nutrients. Our findings suggest that APS originates from the interaction between species{\textquoteright} ecological niches and the annual environmental fluctuations at a community level. We discuss our results in the context of traditional hypotheses formulated to explain this recurrent pattern in the marine field.}, issn = {0142-7873}, doi = {10.1093/plankt/fbaa060}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/plankt/advance-article/doi/10.1093/plankt/fbaa060/6043723}, author = {Caracciolo, Mariarita and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Pierre H{\'e}laou{\"e}t and Gevaert, Francois and Martin Edwards and Lizon, Fabrice and Kl{\'e}parski, Lo{\"\i}ck and Goberville, Eric} } @article {7580, title = {Bi-decadal variability in physico-biogeochemical characteristics of temperate coastal ecosystems: from large-scale to local drivers}, journal = {Marine Ecology Progress Series}, volume = {660}, year = {2021}, month = {Feb-18-2021}, pages = {19-35}, abstract = {Coastal marine ecosystems, which play a crucial role in the biogeochemical and ecological functioning of the earth system, are highly sensitive to the combined effects of climate and human activities. Because of their location, coastal ecosystems are directly influenced by human activities. Thus, it remains challenging to assess the spatial and temporal scales at which climate influences coastal ecosystems. Twelve sampling stations distributed in eight ecosystems of Western Europe were monitored during two decades for physico-biogeochemical parameters (temperature, salinity, concentrations of dissolved oxygen, nutrients and particulate material). The study encompasses a large diversity of temperate coastal ecosystems regarding geomorphology, trophic status, tidal regime, river influence, turbidity, and so on. Time-series analysis coupled with standardised 3-mode Principal Component Analyses, Partial Triadic Analyses and correlations were used to assess bi-decadal variability and ecosystems trajectories, and to detect the large-scale, regional and local drivers. Overall results highlight two abrupt changes in 2001 and 2005. The\ bi-decadal changes are related to changes in large-scale and regional climate; detected through proxies of temperature and atmospheric\ circulation, as well as through river\ discharge. Ecosystem trajectories usually move towards an increase in temperature, salinity and/or a decrease in chlorophyll-a, nutrients and particulate matter. However, the magnitude of change, the year-to-year variability and the sensitivity to the 2001 and 2005 changes vary among the ecosystems. This study highlights the need to perform long-term time series and combining data sets as well as multi-ecosystem and local studies to better understand long-term variability of coastal ecosystems and its associated drivers.}, issn = {0171-8630}, doi = {10.3354/meps13577}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3354/meps13577}, author = {Lheureux, Arnaud and Savoye, Nicolas and Del Amo, Yolanda and Goberville, Eric and Bozec, Yann and Elsa Breton and Conan, Pascal and L{\textquoteright}Helguen, St{\'e}phane and Mousseau, Laure and Raimbault, Patrick and Rimelin-Maury, Peggy and Seuront, Laurent and Vuillemin, Renaud and Caparros, Jocelyne and Cariou, Thierry and Cordier, MA and Corre, Anne-Marie and Costes, Laurence and Crispi, O. and Muriel Crouvoisier and de Latour, HdL and Derriennic, Herv{\'e} and Devesa, J{\'e}r{\'e}my and Durozier, Ma{\"\i}a and Ferreira, Sophie and Garcia, Nicole and Emilie Grossteffan and Gueux, Aurore and Lafont, M and Lagadec, V{\'e}ronique and Lecuyer, Eric and Leroux, C{\'e}dric and Mac{\'e}, Eric and Maria, E and Mornet, L and Antoine Nowaczyk and Parra, M and Petit, Fabienne and David, V} } @article {8161, title = {Disentangling tropicalization and deborealization in marine ecosystems under climate change}, journal = {Current Biology}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Summary As climate change accelerates, species are shifting poleward and subtropical and tropical species are colonizing temperate environments.1, 2, 3 A popular approach for characterizing such responses is the community temperature index (CTI), which tracks the mean thermal affinity of a community. Studies in marine,4 freshwater,5 and terrestrial6 ecosystems have documented increasing CTI under global warming. However, most studies have only linked increasing CTI to increases in warm-affinity species. Here, using long-term monitoring of marine fishes across the Northern Hemisphere, we decomposed CTI changes into four underlying processes{\textemdash}tropicalization (increasing warm-affinity), deborealization (decreasing cold-affinity), borealization (increasing cold-affinity), and detropicalization (decreasing warm-affinity){\textemdash}for which we examined spatial variability and drivers. CTI closely tracked changes in sea surface temperature, increasing in 72\% of locations. However, 31\% of these increases were primarily due to decreases in cold-affinity species, i.e., deborealization. Thus, increases in warm-affinity species were prevalent, but not ubiquitous. Tropicalization was stronger in areas that were initially warmer, experienced greater warming, or were deeper, while deborealization was stronger in areas that were closer to human population centers or that had higher community thermal diversity. When CTI (and temperature) increased, species that decreased were more likely to be living closer to their upper thermal limits or to be commercially fished. Additionally, warm-affinity species that increased had smaller body sizes than those that decreased. Our results show that CTI changes arise from a variety of underlying community responses that are linked to environmental conditions, human impacts, community structure, and species characteristics.}, keywords = {bottom trawl, community temperature index, Fisheries, marine ecology, thermal affinity}, issn = {0960-9822}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2021.08.034}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982221011386}, author = {Matthew McLean and David Mouillot and Aurore A. Maureaud and Tarek Hattab and M. Aaron MacNeil and Goberville, Eric and Martin Lindegren and Georg Engelhard and Malin Pinsky and Arnaud Auber} } @article {7995, title = {Environmental heterogeneity drives phytoplankton community assembly patterns in a tropical riverine system}, journal = {Peer Community In Ecology}, year = {2021}, month = {Jan-05-2023}, doi = {10.24072/pci.ecology.100083}, url = {https://ecology.peercommunityin.org/articles/rec?id=86}, author = {C{\'e}dric Hubas and Goberville, Eric} } @article {7412, title = {European small pelagic fish distribution under global change scenarios}, journal = {Fish and Fisheries}, volume = {22}, year = {2021}, month = {10/2020}, pages = {212-225}, abstract = {The spectre of increasing impacts on exploited fish stocks in consequence of warmer climate conditions has become a major concern over the last decades. It is now imperative to improve the way we project the effects of future climate warming on fisheries. While estimating future climate-induced changes in fish distribution is an important contribution to sustainable resource management, the impacts on European small pelagic fish{\textemdash}representing over 50\% of the landings in the Mediterranean and Black Sea between 2000 and 2013{\textemdash}are yet largely understudied. Here, we investigated potential changes in the spatial distribution of seven of the most harvested small pelagic fish species in Europe under several climate change scenarios over the 21st century. For each species, we considered eight Species Distribution Models (SDMs), five General Circulation Models (GCMs) and three emission scenarios (the IPCC Representative Concentration Pathways; RCPs). Under all scenarios, our results revealed that the environmental suitability for most of the seven species may strongly decrease in the Mediterranean and western North Sea while increasing in the Black and Baltic Seas. This potential northward range expansion of species is supported by a strong convergence among projections and a low variability between RCPs. Under the most pessimistic scenario (RCP8.5), climate-related local extinctions were expected in the south-eastern Mediterranean basin. Our results highlight that a multi-SDM, multi-GCM, multi-RCP approach is needed to produce more robust ecological scenarios of changes in exploited fish stocks in order to better anticipate the economic and social consequences of global climate change.}, issn = {1467-2960}, doi = {10.1111/faf.12515}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/faf.12515}, author = {Schickele, Alexandre and Goberville, Eric and Leroy, Boris and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Hattab, Tarek and Patrice Francour and Virginie Raybaud} } @article {8002, title = {North Atlantic warming over six decades drives decreases in krill abundance with no associated range shiftAbstract}, journal = {Communications Biology}, volume = {4}, year = {2021}, month = {Jan-12-2021}, abstract = {In the North Atlantic, euphausiids (krill) form a major link between primary production and predators including commercially exploited fish. This basin is warming very rapidly, with species expected to shift northwards following their thermal tolerances. Here we show, however, that there has been a 50\% decline in surface krill abundance over the last 60 years that occurred in situ, with no associated range shift. While we relate these changes to the warming climate, our study is the first to document an in situ squeeze on living space within this system. The warmer isotherms are shifting measurably northwards but cooler isotherms have remained relatively static, stalled by the subpolar fronts in the NW Atlantic. Consequently the two temperatures defining the core of krill distribution (7{\textendash}13 {\textdegree}C) were 8{\textdegree} of latitude apart 60 years ago but are presently only 4{\textdegree} apart. Over the 60 year period the core latitudinal distribution of euphausiids has remained relatively stable so a {\textquoteleft}habitat squeeze{\textquoteright}, with loss of 4{\textdegree} of latitude in living space, could explain the decline in krill. This highlights that, as the temperature warms, not all species can track isotherms and shift northward at the same rate with both losers and winners emerging under the {\textquoteleft}Atlantification{\textquoteright} of the sub-Arctic.}, doi = {10.1038/s42003-021-02159-1}, url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-02159-1}, author = {Martin Edwards and Pierre H{\'e}laou{\"e}t and Goberville, Eric and Lindley, Alistair and Tarling, Geraint A. and Burrows, Michael T. and Angus Atkinson} } @article {8059, title = {Pelagic habitats under the MSFD D1: scientific advice of policy relevance : recommendations to frame problems and solutions for the pelagic habitats{\textquoteright} assessment.}, year = {2021}, institution = {Publications Office of the European Union}, abstract = {Pelagic habitats are a policy priority below Descriptor 1 (Biodiversity) of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). They are addressed under the D1C6 criterion, stating {\textquotedblleft}the condition of the habitat type, including its biotic and abiotic structure and its functions{\textellipsis}, is not adversely affected due to anthropogenic pressures{\textquotedblright}. The evaluation of pelagic habitats status is challenged by the functional and structural characteristics of pelagic habitat diversity and processes. To date, pelagic habitats assessments are lacking in common criteria and methodologies that characterize the habitat while accounting for the effects of anthropogenic pressures to achieve the Good Environmental Status (GES). It is therefore necessary to prioritise communication between scientific and policy communities and frame pelagic research to agree on common methods and approaches at regional or EU scale. This is key for achieving harmonised and comparable pelagic assessments for the MSFD. This report summarizes the outcomes on the assessment workflow of pelagic habitats of the JRC {\textquotedblleft}MSFD pelagic habitats{\textquotedblright} workshop (9th and 10th March 2021), and the need for coordinated evaluations of the scientific challenges of policy relevance. Recommendations on the MSFD implementation of D1C6, that were generated from the experts during the workshop, will be communicated to the MSFD policy groups and the EU Member States competent authorities to support future harmonised assessment of pelagic habitats.}, doi = {10.2760/081368}, url = {https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/081368}, author = {Magliozzi, Chiara and Druon, Jean-Noel and Palialexis, Andreas and Aguzzi, Laura and Alexande, Brittany and Antoniadis, Konstantinos and Artigas, Luis Felipe and Azzellino, Arianna and Bisinicu, Elena and Boicenco, Laura and Bojanic, Natalia and Borrello, Patrizia and Boschetti, Simona and Carmo, Vanda and Cervantes, Pablo and Coll, Marta and Curmi, Marta and Del Amo, Yolanda and Dutz, Joerg and Franc{\'e}, Janja and Garces, Esther and Gea, Guillermo and Giannakourou, Antonia and Goberville, Eric and Goffart, Anne and Gomes Pereira, Jose Nuno and Gonzalez-Quiros, Rafael and Gorokhova, Elena and Guglielmo, Letterio and Pierre H{\'e}laou{\"e}t and Henriques, Filipe and Heyden, Birgit and Jaanus, Andres and Jakobsen, Hans and Johansen, Marie and Jurgensone, Iveta and Korpinen, Samuli and Kremp, Anke and Kuosa, Harri and Labayle, Lucille and Lazar, Luminita and Abigail McQuatters-Gollop and Nincevic, Zivana and Pagou, Popi and Penna, Antonella and Pettersson, Karin and Ruiter, Hans and Skejic, Sanda and Spada, Emanuela and Spinu, Alina and Tew-Kai, Emilie and Totti, Cecilia and Tunesi, Leonardo and Vadrucci, Maria Rosaria and Valavanis, Vasilis and Varkitzi, Ioanna and Vasiliades, Lavrendios and Veldeki, Georgia and Vidjak, Olja and Vincent, Doroth{\'e}e and Zervoudaki, Soultana} } @article {8150, title = {Seasonal Variations in the Biodiversity, Ecological Strategy, and Specialization of Diatoms and Copepods in a Coastal System With Phaeocystis Blooms: The Key Role of Trait Trade-Offs}, journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science}, volume = {8}, year = {2021}, month = {09/2021}, pages = {1178}, abstract = {Although eutrophication induced by anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is a driver of shifts in community composition and eventually a threat to marine biodiversity, the causes and consequences on ecosystem functioning remain greatly unknown. In this study, by applying a trait-based approach and measuring niche breadth of diatoms and copepods, the drivers and underlying mechanisms of the seasonal species succession of these ecological communities in a coastal system dominated in spring by\ Phaeocystis\ blooms were explored. It is suggested that the seasonal succession of diatoms and copepods is the result of several trade-offs among functional traits that are controlled by the seasonal abiotic and biotic pressure encountered by the plankton communities. The results of this study highlight that a trade-off between competition and predator, i.e., weak competitors are better protected against predation, plays an important role in promoting plankton species richness and triggers the\ Phaeocystis\ bloom. As often observed in eutrophicated ecosystems, only the biotic homogenization of the copepod community and the shift in the diet of copepods toward\ Phaeocystis\ detrital materials have been detected during the\ Phaeocystis\ bloom. The diatom and copepod communities respond synchronously to fluctuating resources and biotic conditions by successively selecting species with specific traits. This study confirms the key role of competition and predation in controlling annual plankton succession.}, issn = {2296-7745}, url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.656300/full}, author = {Breton, Elsa and Christaki, Urania and Benoit Sautour and Demonio, Oscar and Skouroliakou, Dimitra-Ioli and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Seuront, Laurent and Kl{\'e}parski, Lo{\"\i}ck and Poquet, Adrien and Nowaczyk, Antoine and Muriel Crouvoisier and Ferreira, Sophie and Pecqueur, David and Salmeron, Christophe and Brylinski, Jean-Michel and Lheureux, Arnaud and Goberville, Eric} } @article {8060, title = {Unraveling salinity extreme events in coastal environments: a winter focus on the Bay of Brest}, journal = {Frontiers in Marine Science}, volume = {8}, year = {2021}, pages = {966}, abstract = {Extreme weather events affect coastal marine ecosystems. The increase in intensity and occurrence of such events drive modifications in coastal hydrology and hydrodynamics. Here, focusing on the winter period (from December to March), we investigated long-term (2000-2018) changes in the hydrological properties of the Bay of Brest (French Atlantic coast) as an example of the response of a semi-enclosed bay to extreme weather episodes and large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. The relationships between extreme weather events and severe low salinity conditions (as a proxy for changes in water density) were investigated using high-frequency in situ observations and high-resolution numerical simulations. The identification of intense episodes was based on the timing, duration and annual occurrence of extreme events. By examining the interannual variability of extreme low salinity events, we detect a patent influence of local and regional weather conditions on atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns, precipitation and river runoff. We revealed that low salinity events in Brittany were controlled by large-scale forcings: they prevailed during the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation and periods of low occurrences of the Atlantic Ridge weather regime. The increase in severe storms observed in western France since 2010 has led to a doubling of the occurrence and duration of extreme low salinity events in Brittany.}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.705403}, author = {Poppeschi, Coline and Charria, Guillaume and Goberville, Eric and Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy and Barrier, Nicolas and Petton, S{\'e}bastien and Unterberger, Maximilian and Emilie Grossteffan and R{\'e}p{\'e}caud, Michel and Qu{\'e}m{\'e}ner, Loic and Theetten, S{\'e}bastien and Le roux, Jean-Fran{\c c}ois and Paul Tr{\'e}guer} } @article {7020, title = {The mathematical influence on global patterns of biodiversity}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {10}, year = {2020}, pages = {6494-6511}, abstract = {Although we understand how species evolve, we do not appreciate how this process has filled an empty world to create current patterns of biodiversity. Here, we conduct a numerical experiment to determine why biodiversity varies spatially on our planet. We show that spatial patterns of biodiversity are mathematically constrained and arise from the interaction between the species{\textquoteright} ecological niches and environmental variability that propagates to the community level. Our results allow us to explain key biological observations such as (a) latitudinal biodiversity gradients (LBGs) and especially why oceanic LBGs primarily peak at midlatitudes while terrestrial LBGs generally exhibit a maximum at the equator, (b) the greater biodiversity on land even though life first evolved in the sea, (c) the greater species richness at the seabed than at the sea surface, and (d) the higher neritic (i.e., species occurring in areas with a bathymetry lower than 200\ m) than oceanic (i.e., species occurring in areas with a bathymetry higher than 200\ m) biodiversity. Our results suggest that a mathematical constraint originating from a fundamental ecological interaction, that is, the niche{\textendash}environment interaction, fixes the number of species that can establish regionally by speciation or migration.}, keywords = {Biodiversity, ecological niche, large-scale patterns in species richness, models, theory}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.6385}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ece3.6385}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Kirby, Richard R and Goberville, Eric} } @article {6482, title = {Modelling European small pelagic fish distribution: Methodological insights}, journal = {Ecological Modelling}, volume = {416}, year = {2020}, month = {Jan-01-2020}, pages = {108902}, abstract = {The distribution of marine organisms is strongly influenced by climatic gradients worldwide. The ecological niche (sensu Hutchinson) of a species, i.e. the combination of environmental tolerances and resources required by an organism, interacts with the environment to determine its geographical range. This duality between niche and distribution allows climate change biologists to model potential species{\textquoteright} distributions from past to future conditions. While species distribution models (SDMs) have been intensively used over the last years, no consensual framework to parametrise, calibrate and evaluate models has emerged. Here, to model the contemporary (1990{\textendash}2017) spatial distribution of seven highly harvested European small pelagic fish species, we implemented a comprehensive and replicable numerical procedure based on 8 SDMs (7 from the Biomod2 framework plus the NPPEN model). This procedure considers critical issues in species distribution modelling such as sampling bias, pseudo-absence selection, model evaluation and uncertainty quantification respectively through (i) an environmental filtration of observation data, (ii) a convex hull based pseudo-absence selection, (iii) a multi-criteria evaluation of model outputs and (iv) an ensemble modelling approach. By mitigating environmental sampling bias in observation data and by identifying the most ecologically relevant predictors, our framework helps to improve the modelling of fish species{\textquoteright} environmental suitability. Not only average temperature, but also temperature variability appears as major factors driving small pelagic fish distribution, and areas of highest environmental suitability were found along the north-western Mediterranean coasts, the Bay of Biscay and the North Sea. We demonstrate in this study that the use of appropriate data pre-processing techniques, an often-overlooked step in modelling, increase model predictive performance, strengthening our confidence in the reliability of predictions.}, keywords = {Convex hull, Pseudo-absence, Sampling bias, Small pelagic fish, species distribution models, uncertainty}, issn = {03043800}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.108902}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380019304107}, author = {Schickele, Alexandre and Leroy, Boris and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Goberville, Eric and Hattab, Tarek and Patrice Francour and Virginie Raybaud} } @inbook {6847, title = {Temperature and salinity changes in coastal waters of Western Europe: variability, trends and extreme events}, booktitle = {Evolution of Marine Coastal Ecosystems under the Pressure of Global Changes}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Springer Nature }, organization = {Springer Nature }, edition = {H.-J. Ceccaldi et al.}, chapter = {15}, address = {Switzerland}, abstract = {Coastal marine ecosystems worldwide are not only highly affected by the effects of human activities, but also by the influence of natural climate variability and global climate change. However, it is still a challenge to assess the spatial and temporal scales at which forcings operate and their persistence over time, to determine the vulnerability of coastal ecosystems to climate changes and climate extreme events, and therefore to anticipate the ecological and biological responses of these areas. By investigating these knowledge gaps, our recent studies have shown that the combination of large- and local-scale hydroclimatic influences have induced obvious changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of coastal waters in Western Europe. Because of the complex and non-linear climate-coastal ecosystem relationships, a thorough understanding of the underlying processes is still needed, while extending the spatial and temporal scales of inference. Here, using both high- and low-frequency observations collected from 1998 onwards at the outlet of the Bay of Brest and off Roscoff, we described and documented monthly changes in (1) sea surface temperature, (2) sea surface salinity, (3) river discharges and (4) precipitation patterns. By focusing on the winter period (from December to February), our study revealed that coastal waters of Western Europe are not only significantly connected to large-scale atmospheric conditions and patterns, but also to local-scale drivers such as river discharges. Current strong impacts of regional climate extreme events worldwide led us to devote more attention on understanding the possible impacts of such episodes on the long-term variability and trends of these ecosystems in coastal waters of Western Europe. The signature of extreme events in the Bay of Brest is described and the numerical simulations allowed us to highlight the link between local rivers and changes in salinity.}, keywords = {Climate variability, Coastal ecosystems, Extreme events, High- and low-frequency in situ sampling, Large and local forcings}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-43484-7_15}, url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007\%2F978-3-030-43484-7_15}, author = {Charria, Guillaume and Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy and Goberville, Eric and St{\'e}phane L{\textquoteright}Helguen and Barrier, Nicolas and David-Beausire, Christine and Cariou, Thierry and Emilie Grossteffan and R{\'e}p{\'e}caud, Michel and Qu{\'e}m{\'e}ner, Loic and Theetten, S{\'e}bastien and Paul Tr{\'e}guer} } @article {5810, title = {{Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillations drive the basin-scale distribution of Atlantic bluefin tuna}}, journal = {Science Advances}, volume = {5}, year = {2019}, pages = {eaar6993}, abstract = {

The Atlantic bluefin tuna (hereafter referred to as {\textquotedblleft}bluefin tuna{\textquotedblright}), one of the world{\textquoteright}s most valuable and exploited fish species, has been declining in abundance throughout the Atlantic from the 1960s until the mid-2000s. Following the establishment of drastic management measures, the stock has started to recover recently and, as a result, stakeholders have raised catch quotas by 50{\%} for the period 2017{\textendash}2020. However, stock assessments still omit the natural, long-term variability in the species distribution. Here, we explore the century-scale fluctuations in bluefin tuna abundance and distribution to demonstrate a prevailing influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) to provide new insights into both the collapse of the Nordic bluefin tuna fishery circa 1963 and the recent increase in bluefin tuna abundance in the Northeast Atlantic. Our results demonstrate how climatic variability can modulate the distribution of a large migrating species to generate rapid changes in its regional abundance, and we argue that climatic variability must not be overlooked in stock management plans for effective conservation.

}, issn = {23752548}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aar6993}, author = {Robin Faillettaz and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Goberville, Eric and Richard R Kirby} } @article {6452, title = {Decreased thermal tolerance under recurrent heat stress conditions explains summer mass mortality of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {9}, year = {2019}, pages = {17498}, abstract = {

Extreme events such as heat waves have increased in frequency and duration over the last decades. Under future climate scenarios, these discrete climatic events are expected to become even more recurrent and severe. Heat waves are particularly important on rocky intertidal shores, one of the most thermally variable and stressful habitats on the planet. Intertidal mussels, such as the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, are ecosystem engineers of global ecological and economic importance, that occasionally suffer mass mortalities. This study investigates the potential causes and consequences of a mass mortality event of M. edulis that occurred along the French coast of the eastern English Channel in summer 2018. We used an integrative, climatological and ecophysiological methodology based on three complementary approaches. We first showed that the observed mass mortality (representing 49 to 59\% of the annual commercial value of local recreational and professional fisheries combined) occurred under relatively moderate heat wave conditions. This result indicates that M. edulis body temperature is controlled by non-climatic heat sources instead of climatic heat sources, as previously reported for intertidal gastropods. Using biomimetic loggers (i.e. {\textquoteright}robomussels{\textquoteright}), we identified four periods of 5 to 6 consecutive days when M. edulis body temperatures consistently reached more than 30 {\textdegree}C, and occasionally more than 35 {\textdegree}C and even more than 40 {\textdegree}C. We subsequently reproduced these body temperature patterns in the laboratory to infer M. edulis thermal tolerance under conditions of repeated heat stress. We found that thermal tolerance consistently decreased with the number of successive daily exposures. These results are discussed in the context of an era of global change where heat events are expected to increase in intensity and frequency, especially in the eastern English Channel where the low frequency of commercially exploitable mussels already questions both their ecological and commercial sustainability.

}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-53580-w}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-53580-w}, author = {Seuront, Laurent and Nicastro, Katy R. and Zardi, Gerardo I. and Goberville, Eric} } @article {5844, title = {Functional traits unravel temporal changes in fish biomass production on artificial reefs}, journal = {Marine Environmental Research}, volume = {145}, year = {2019}, pages = {137-146}, abstract = {

Artificial reefs (ARs) are deployed worldwide as they are expected to support fisheries management. While the underlying mechanisms remain widely debated, production was recently determined as the most probable cause of increases in fish biomass. Changes in fish biomass in a temperate AR system were investigated from December 2008 to November 2015 by considering seven distinct functional groups, and isotopic functional indices were used to identify how these changes may have affected organic matter (OM) fluxes. Contrasting patterns of change were observed between functional trophic groups, highlighting that combining the biomass of all species present in a community is inappropriate for assessing AR-induced effects. Benthic sedentary species predominated (\>75\% of the total biomass) through massive production, with a 68-fold increase in mean biomass over the study period. Mobile species tended to vary seasonally, suggesting only a slight influence of AR. Zooplanktivores biomass decreased over the 6-year period, as a possible result of changes in environmental conditions. Isotopic indices helped to reveal both the community maturation and the importance of local OM sources not only in supporting fish biomass production but also in attracting pelagic species. Our results corroborate that production and attraction are two extremes of a range of contrasting patterns and highlight the importance of considering the specific responses of functional components of fish communities to accurately describe changes in AR functioning. Functional attributes such as trophic traits, habitat use and dispersal abilities must not be overlooked as they modulate fish species responses to the deployment of man-made rocky substrates.

}, keywords = {Artificial reefs, Fish biomass production, Isotopic functional indices, Mediterranean sea}, issn = {0141-1136}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2019.02.018}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141113618307979}, author = {Cresson, Pierre and Le Direach, Laurence and Rouanet, Elodie and Goberville, Eric and Astruch, Patrick and Ourgaud, M{\'e}lanie and Mireille Harmelin-Vivien} } @article {6085, title = {Local changes in copepod composition and diversity in two coastal systems of Western Europe}, journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science}, year = {2019}, pages = {106304}, author = {Richirt, Julien and Goberville, Eric and Ruiz-Gonzalez, Vania and Benoit Sautour} } @inbook {6862, title = {Partie 2 - M{\'e}thodologie}, booktitle = {Les oiseaux nicheurs du Nord et du Pas-de-Calais}, year = {2019}, pages = {488}, publisher = {Biotope}, organization = {Biotope}, edition = {Beaudoin C., Boutrouille C., Camberlein P., Godin J., Luczak C., Pischiutta R. \& Sueur F.}, address = {M{\`e}ze}, abstract = {Six ann{\'e}es d{\textquoteright}enqu{\^e}te de terrain mobilisant les ornithologues du nord de la France, adh{\'e}rents du Groupe ornithologique et naturaliste du Nord - Pas-de-Calais et partenaires de l{\textquoteright}association, ont {\'e}t{\'e} n{\'e}cessaires pour r{\'e}aliser cet ouvrage naturaliste de r{\'e}f{\'e}rence. Les + de cet ouvrage : Toutes les esp{\`e}ces d{\textquoteright}oiseaux nicheurs r{\'e}guliers, occasionnels et exceptionnels dans le Nord et le Pas-de-Calais sont pr{\'e}sent{\'e}es, sois 200 esp{\`e}ces ; La synth{\`e}se des connaissances ornithologiques relatives aux oiseaux nicheurs du nord de la France : effectifs, r{\'e}partition et {\'e}volution des populations au cours du demi-si{\`e}cle {\'e}coul{\'e} ; Une somme d{\textquoteright}informations in{\'e}dites issues de la compilation de plus de 230 000 donn{\'e}es ; Un {\'e}tat des menaces pesant sur l{\textquoteright}avifaune du Nord {\textemdash} Pas-de-Calais ; Un atlas illustr{\'e} de plus de 380 photos de terrain.}, issn = {978-2-36662-231-7}, url = {https://leclub-biotope.com/fr/librairie-naturaliste/1286-oiseaux-nicheurs-du-nord-et-du-pas-de-calais}, author = {Beaudouin, C{\'e}dric and Blaise, Claire and Goberville, Eric and Christophe Luczak and Pischiutta, Rudy} } @article {5833, title = {{Prediction of unprecedented biological shifts in the global ocean}}, journal = {Nature Climate Change}, volume = {9}, year = {2019}, month = {mar}, pages = {237{\textendash}243}, abstract = {

Impermanence is an ecological principle1 but there are times when changes occur nonlinearly as abrupt community shifts (ACSs) that transform the ecosystem state and the goods and services it provides2. Here, we present a model based on niche theory3 to explain and predict ACSs at the global scale. We test our model using 14 multi-decadal time series of marine metazoans from zooplankton to fish, spanning all latitudes and the shelf to the open ocean. Predicted and observed fluctuations correspond, with both identifying ACSs at the end of the 1980s4,5,6,7 and 1990s5,8. We show that these ACSs coincide with changes in climate that alter local thermal regimes, which in turn interact with the thermal niche of species to trigger long-term and sometimes abrupt shifts at the community level. A large-scale ACS is predicted after 2014{\textemdash}unprecedented in magnitude and extent{\textemdash}coinciding with a strong El Ni{\~n}o event and major shifts in Northern Hemisphere climate. Our results underline the sensitivity of the Arctic Ocean, where unprecedented melting may reorganize biological communities5,9, and suggest an increase in the size and consequences of ACS events in a warming world.

}, issn = {1758-678X}, doi = {10.1038/s41558-019-0420-1}, url = {http://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-019-0420-1}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Alessandra Conversi and Angus Atkinson and Jim E. Cloern and Sanae Chiba and Serena Fonda-Umani and Richard R Kirby and Greene, C. H. and Goberville, Eric and Otto, S. A. and Philip Chris Reid and Stemmann, L. and Martin Edwards} } @article {5811, title = {{Benthic foraminifera to assess Ecological Quality Statuses in Italian transitional waters}}, journal = {Ecological Indicators}, volume = {84}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

Estuaries, lagoons and lakes, identified as transitional waters (TWs), are fragile ecotones at the interface between terrestrial and marine ecosystems. The assessment of their Ecological Quality status (EcoQ), required by marine legislations, is rather uncertain when based on traditional benthic macrofaunal indices. This study proposes to assess the EcoQ of marine waters using the diversity index Exp(H{\textquoteright}bc) based on living benthic foraminifera. By testing this method on datasets from five Italian TWs, we showed that EcoQ{\textquoteright}s assessment based on foraminifera reflected changes in environmental conditions. Benthic foraminifera highlighted the degradation of most, if not all, study sites, ranking most of the TWs in {\textquotedblleft}Moderate{\textquotedblright} to {\textquotedblleft}Bad{\textquotedblright} EcoQs. Although the assessment of EcoQs estimated from diversity indices was similar when based on benthic foraminifera or macrofauna, discrepancies occurred if diversity index calculated on foraminifera and sensitivity-based indices applied on macrofauna were compared. Our results demonstrated that the Exp(H{\textquoteright}bc) index based on living benthic foraminifera is a promising approach to assess EcoQs. Finally, we argue that benthic foraminifera, for their preservation potential as fossil within sediment, are a reliable option to define reference conditions and targets.

}, keywords = {Diversity index, Ecological quality status, Italian transitional waters, Living benthic foraminifera, Marine strategy framework directive, Water framework directive}, issn = {1470160X}, doi = {10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.07.055}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X17304685}, author = {Vincent M.P. Bouchet and Goberville, Eric and Fabrizio Frontalini} } @article {5812, title = {{Marine biodiversity and the chessboard of life}}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {13}, year = {2018}, abstract = {

{\textcopyright} 2018 Beaugrand et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Species richness is greater in places where the number of potential niches is high. Consequently, the niche may be fundamental for understanding the arrangement of life and especially, the establishment and maintenance of the well-known Latitudinal Biodiversity Gradient (LBG). However, not all potential niches may be occupied fully in a habitat, as measured by niche vacancy/saturation. Here, we theoretically reconstruct oceanic biodiversity and analyse modeled and observed data together to examine patterns in niche saturation (i.e. the ratio between observed and theoretical biodiversity of a given taxon) for several taxonomic groups. Our results led us to hypothesize that the arrangement of marine life is constrained by the distribution of the maximal number of species{\textquoteright} niches available, which represents a fundamental mathematical limit to the number of species that can co-exist locally. We liken this arrangement to a type of chessboard where each square on the board is a geographic area, itself comprising a distinct number of sub-squares (species{\textquoteright} niches). Each sub-square on the chessboard can accept a unique species of a given ecological guild, whose occurrence is determined by speciation/extinction. Because of the interaction between the thermal niche and changes in temperature, our study shows that the chessboard has more sub-squares at mid-latitudes and we suggest that many clades should exhibit a LBG because their probability of emergence should be higher in the tropics where more niches are available. Our work reveals that each taxonomic group has its own unique chessboard and that global niche saturation increases when organismal complexity decreases. As a result, the mathematical influence of the chessboard is likely to be more prominent for taxonomic groups with low (e.g. plankton) than great (e.g. mammals) biocomplexity. Our study therefore reveals the complex interplay between a fundamental mathematical constraint on biodiversity resulting from the interaction between the species{\textquoteright} ecological niche and fluctuations in the environmental regime (here, temperature), which has a predictable component and a stochastic-like biological influence (diversification rates, origination and clade age) that may alter or blur the former.

}, issn = {19326203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0194006}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Christophe Luczak and Goberville, Eric and Richard R Kirby} } @article {6894, title = {Cross-linking plankton indicators to better define GES of pelagic habitats - EcApRHA Deliverable WP1.4}, year = {2017}, abstract = {The multimetric approach is a methodological tool which can be used to study a range of systems, including GES assessment of marine waters. Three indicators (PH1, PH2 and PH3) are currently being developed in the frame of the OSPAR convention for the pelagic habitat component. The three PH indicators provide information on different and complementary aspects of the plankton community that, only when considered altogether, provide a holistic vision of the ecosystem which is central to GES assessment. The present document aims at combining their information for the first time, following a multimetric approach. For this purpose, it was decided that the Plymouth Marine Laboratory L4 station would be the focus of this deliverable for the period 2000-2014.

Different results were obtained from PH1, PH2 and PH3 regarding dates characterized by atypical plankton community structures, stressing their complementarity. However, similar results were also found for some sampling dates, suggesting that the complementary information conveyed by the three PH indicators shows potential for generating a higher-level indicator.

This work has also evidenced a number of gaps and issues in the integration of the three PH indicators that we address with guidelines. In particular, efforts should be devoted to overcome technical difficulties in the integration the PH3 indicators, especially regarding differences in temporal resolution. Future development of the indicators could involve complementary techniques to classical methods to overcome taxonomic constraints. In the frame of this project, the access to data in certain format was identified also found problematic. Creating a central database of pre-formatted data managed by a group of experts could also benefit the regional calibration of the indicators for areas where appropriate data are available. Establishing a clear and easily accessible report which details all the monitoring guidelines concerning the metrics used for the OSPAR PH indicators could also be beneficial for homogenising the monitoring and inter-comparability of data among contracting parties in the goal of regional marine management.}, author = {Budria, Alexandre and Anais Aubert and Rombouts, Isabelle and Ostle, Clare and Angus Atkinson and Widdicombe, Claire and Goberville, Eric and Luis Felipe Artigas and Johns, David and Padegimas, Bernardas and Corcoran, Emily and McQuatters-Gollop, Abigail} } @article {5814, title = {{Climate change and the ash dieback crisis}}, journal = {Scientific Reports}, volume = {6}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

{\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2016. Beyond the direct influence of climate change on species distribution and phenology, indirect effects may also arise from perturbations in species interactions. Infectious diseases are strong biotic forces that can precipitate population declines and lead to biodiversity loss. It has been shown in forest ecosystems worldwide that at least 10{\%} of trees are vulnerable to extinction and pathogens are increasingly implicated. In Europe, the emerging ash dieback disease caused by the fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, commonly called Chalara fraxinea, is causing a severe mortality of common ash trees (Fraxinus excelsior); this is raising concerns for the persistence of this widespread tree, which is both a key component of forest ecosystems and economically important for timber production. Here, we show how the pathogen and climate change may interact to affect the future spatial distribution of the common ash. Using two presence-only models, seven General Circulation Models and four emission scenarios, we show that climate change, by affecting the host and the pathogen separately, may uncouple their spatial distribution to create a mismatch in species interaction and so a lowering of disease transmission. Consequently, as climate change expands the ranges of both species polewards it may alleviate the ash dieback crisis in southern and occidental regions at the same time.

}, issn = {20452322}, doi = {10.1038/srep35303}, author = {Goberville, Eric and Nina-Coralie Hautek{\`e}ete and Richard R Kirby and Yves Piquot and Christophe Luczak and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand} } @article {5813, title = {{Global impacts of the 1980s regime shift}}, journal = {Global Change Biology}, volume = {22}, year = {2016}, abstract = {

{\textcopyright} 2016 John Wiley {\&} Sons Ltd. Despite evidence from a number of Earth systems that abrupt temporal changes known as regime shifts are important, their nature, scale and mechanisms remain poorly documented and understood. Applying principal component analysis, change-point analysis and a sequential t-test analysis of regime shifts to 72 time series, we confirm that the 1980s regime shift represented a major change in the Earth{\textquoteright}s biophysical systems from the upper atmosphere to the depths of the ocean and from the Arctic to the Antarctic, and occurred at slightly different times around the world. Using historical climate model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and statistical modelling of historical temperatures, we then demonstrate that this event was triggered by rapid global warming from anthropogenic plus natural forcing, the latter associated with the recovery from the El Chich{\'o}n volcanic eruption. The shift in temperature that occurred at this time is hypothesized as the main forcing for a cascade of abrupt environmental changes. Within the context of the last century or more, the 1980s event was unique in terms of its global scope and scale; our observed consequences imply that if unavoidable natural events such as major volcanic eruptions interact with anthropogenic warming unforeseen multiplier effects may occur.

}, keywords = {Climate, Earth systems, Global change, Regime shift, Statistical analysis, Time series, Volcanic forcing}, issn = {13652486}, doi = {10.1111/gcb.13106}, author = {Philip Chris Reid and Renata E. Hari and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and David M. Livingstone and Christoph Marty and Dietmar Straile and Jonathan Barichivich and Goberville, Eric and Rita Adrian and Yasuyuki Aono and Ross Brown and James Foster and Pavel Groisman and Pierre H{\'e}laou{\"e}t and Huang-Hsiung Hsu and Richard R Kirby and Jeff Knight and Alexandra Kraberg and Jianping Li and Tzu-Ting Lo and Ranga B. Myneni and Ryan P. North and Alan J. Pounds and Tim Sparks and Ren{\'e} St{\"u}bi and Yongjun Tian and Karen H. Wiltshire and Dong Xiao and Zaichun Zhu} } @article {5815, title = {{Anthropogenic impact on macrobenthic communities and consequences for shorebirds in Northern France: A complex response}}, journal = {Biological Conservation}, volume = {184}, year = {2015}, abstract = {

{\textcopyright} 2015 Elsevier Ltd. Shorebird populations are declining worldwide due to the combined effect of climate change and anthropogenic forcing, the ongoing coastal urbanisation amplifying the alteration of their habitat in both rate and magnitude. By focusing on a highly anthropogenically-influenced region in Northern France, we studied the impact of a seawall construction on wintering shorebird populations through potential alterations in the abundance and availability of their food resources. We concurrently investigated changes in the spatial distribution of muddy-sand beach macrobenthic communities between two periods of contrasting anthropogenic impacts and examined year-to-year trends of wintering shorebirds. Our study reveals that the seawall construction led to a major spatial reorganisation of the macrobenthic communities with a drastic reduction of the muddy-sand community. However, no relation between macrobenthic changes and shorebird abundances was detected. Fluctuations in shorebird abundances appeared to be congruent with flyway population trends. This result suggests that the response of shorebirds to human-induced perturbations is much more complex than expected. While an assessment of potential disturbances induced by coastal engineering constructions is needed, the pathways by which alterations could propagate through an ecosystem are not linear and as such difficult to determine. Ecosystems appear as complex adaptive systems in which macroscopic dynamics emerge from non-linear interactions at entangled smaller/larger scales. Our results confirm that an in-depth knowledge of the local, regional and global factors that influence trends of shorebirds and their habitat use is essential for accurate and effective management and conservation strategies.

}, keywords = {Anthropogenic impact, Coastal conservation, Complexity, Macrobenthic communities, Shorebirds}, issn = {00063207}, doi = {10.1016/j.biocon.2015.02.016}, author = {C{\'e}line Rolet and Nicolas Spilmont and Dominique Davoult and Goberville, Eric and Christophe Luczak} } @article {5817, title = {{Future vulnerability of marine biodiversity compared with contemporary and past changes}}, journal = {Nature Climate Change}, volume = {5}, year = {2015}, abstract = {

{\textcopyright} 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited. Many studies have implied significant effects of global climate change on marine life. Setting these alterations into the context of historical natural change has not been attempted so far, however. Here, using a theoretical framework, we estimate the sensitivity of marine pelagic biodiversity to temperature change and evaluate its past (mid-Pliocene and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)), contemporaneous (1960-2013) and future (2081-2100; 4 scenarios of warming) vulnerability. Our biodiversity reconstructions were highly correlated to real data for several pelagic taxa for the contemporary and the past (LGM and mid-Pliocene) periods. Our results indicate that local species loss will be a prominent phenomenon of climate warming in permanently stratified regions, and that local species invasion will prevail in temperate and polar biomes under all climate change scenarios. Although a small amount of warming under the RCP2.6 scenario is expected to have a minor influence on marine pelagic biodiversity, moderate warming (RCP4.5) will increase by threefold the changes already observed over the past 50 years. Of most concern is that severe warming (RCP6.0 and 8.5) will affect marine pelagic biodiversity to a greater extent than temperature changes that took place between either the LGM or the mid-Pliocene and today, over an area of between 50 (RCP6.0: 46.9-52.4{\%}) and 70{\%} (RCP8.5: 69.4-73.4{\%}) of the global ocean.

}, issn = {17586798}, doi = {10.1038/nclimate2650}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Martin Edwards and Virginie Raybaud and Goberville, Eric and Richard R Kirby} } @article {5816, title = {{Uncertainties in the projection of species distributions related to general circulation models}}, journal = {Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {5}, year = {2015}, abstract = {

{\textcopyright} 2015 The Authors. Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) are increasingly used by ecologists to project species potential future distribution. However the application of such models may be challenging and some caveats have already been identified. While studies have generally shown that projections may be sensitive to the ENM applied or the emission scenario to name just a few the sensitivity of ENM-based scenarios to General Circulation Models (GCMs) has been often underappreciated. Here using a multi-GCM and multi-emission scenario approach we evaluated the variability in projected distributions under future climate conditions. We modeled the ecological realized niche (sensu Hutchinson) and predicted the baseline distribution of species with contrasting spatial patterns and representative of two major functional groups of European trees: the dwarf birch and the sweet chestnut. Their future distributions were then projected onto future climatic conditions derived from seven GCMs and four emissions scenarios using the new Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) developed for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR5 report. Uncertainties arising from GCMs and those resulting from emissions scenarios were quantified and compared. Our study reveals that scenarios of future species distribution exhibit broad differences depending not only on emissions scenarios but also on GCMs. We found that the between-GCM variability was greater than the between-RCP variability for the next decades and both types of variability reached a similar level at the end of this century. Our result highlights that a combined multi-GCM and multi-RCP approach is needed to better consider potential trajectories and uncertainties in future species distributions. In all cases between-GCM variability increases with the level of warming and if nothing is done to alleviate global warming future species spatial distribution may become more and more difficult to anticipate. When future species spatial distributions are examined we propose to use a large number of GCMs and RCPs to better anticipate potential trajectories and quantify uncertainties.

}, keywords = {Biogeography, Climate Change, Ecological niche modeling, Global change models, Species distribution projections, Uncertainties}, issn = {20457758}, doi = {10.1002/ece3.1411}, author = {Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Nina-Coralie Hautek{\`e}ete and Yves Piquot and Christophe Luczak} } @article {5819, title = {{Large and local-scale influences on physical and chemical characteristics of coastal waters of Western Europe during winter}}, journal = {Journal of Marine Systems}, volume = {139}, year = {2014}, pages = {79{\textendash}90}, abstract = {

There is now a strong scientific consensus that coastal marine systems of Western Europe are highly sensitive to the combined effects of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change. However, it still remains challenging to assess the spatial and temporal scales at which climate influence operates. While large-scale hydro-climatic indices, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or the East Atlantic Pattern (EAP) and the weather regimes such as the Atlantic Ridge (AR), are known to be relevant predictors of physical processes, changes in coastal waters can also be related to local hydro-meteorological and geochemical forcing. Here, we study the temporal variability of physical and chemical characteristics of coastal waters located at about 48{\textdegree}N over the period 1998-2013 using (1) sea surface temperature, (2) sea surface salinity and (3) nutrient concentration observations for two coastal sites located at the outlet of the Bay of Brest and off Roscoff, (4) river discharges of the major tributaries close to these two sites and (5) regional and local precipitation data over the region of interest. Focusing on the winter months, we characterize the physical and chemical variability of these coastal waters and document changes in both precipitation and river runoffs. Our study reveals that variability in coastal waters is connected to the large-scale North Atlantic atmospheric circulation but is also partly explained by local river influences. Indeed, while the NAO is strongly related to changes in sea surface temperature at the Brest and Roscoff sites, the EAP and the AR have a major influence on precipitations, which in turn modulate river discharges that impact sea surface salinity at the scale of the two coastal stations. {\textcopyright} 2014 Elsevier B.V.

}, keywords = {Climate variability, Coastal systems, Large-scale hydro-climatic indices, River inputs, Time-series, Weather regimes}, issn = {09247963}, author = {Paul Tr{\'e}guer and Goberville, Eric and Barrier, Nicolas and St{\'e}phane L{\textquoteright}Helguen and Morin, Pascal and Bozec, Yann and Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy and Czamanski, Marie and Emilie Grossteffan and Cariou, Thierry and R{\'e}p{\'e}caud, Michel and Qu{\'e}m{\'e}ner, Loic} } @article {5818, title = {{Marine biological shifts and climate}}, journal = {Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences}, volume = {281}, year = {2014}, pages = {20133350}, abstract = {

Phenological, biogeographic and community shifts are among the reported responses of marine ecosystems and their species to climate change. However, despite both the profound consequences for ecosystem functioning and ser- vices, our understanding of the root causes underlying these biological changes remains rudimentary. Here, we show that a significant proportion of the responses of species and communities to climate change are determinis- tic at some emergent spatio-temporal scales, enabling testable predictions and more accurate projections of future changes.We propose a theory based on the concept of the ecological niche to connect phenological, biogeographic and long-term community shifts. The theory explains approximately 70{\%} of the phenological and biogeographic shifts of a key zooplankton Calanus finmarch- icus in the North Atlantic and approximately 56{\%} of the long-term shifts in copepods observed in the North Sea during the period 1958{\textendash}2009.

}, keywords = {environmental science}, issn = {1471-2954}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Goberville, Eric and Christophe Luczak and Richard R Kirby} } @article {5820, title = {{Synchronous response of marine plankton ecosystems to climate in the Northeast Atlantic and the North Sea}}, journal = {Journal of Marine Systems}, volume = {129}, year = {2014}, pages = {189{\textendash}202}, abstract = {

Over the last few decades, global warming has accelerated both the rate and magnitude of changes observed in many functional units of the Earth System. In this context, plankton are sentinel organisms because they are sensitive to subtle levels of changes in temperature and might help in identifying the current effects of climate change on pelagic ecosystems. In this paper, we performed a comparative approach in two regions of the North Atlantic (i.e. the Northeast Atlantic and the North Sea) to explore the relationships between changes in marine plankton, the regional physico-chemical environment and large-scale hydro-climatic forcing using four key indices: the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), the East Atlantic (EA) pattern and Northern Hemisphere Temperature (NHT) anomalies. Our analyses suggest that long-term changes in the states of the two ecosystems were synchronous and correlated to the same large-scale hydro-climatic variables: NHT anomalies, the AMO and to a lesser extent the EA pattern. No significant correlation was found between long-term ecosystem modifications and the state of the NAO. Our results suggest that the effect of climate on these ecosystems has mainly occurred in both regions through the modulation of the thermal regime. {\textcopyright} 2013 Elsevier B.V.

}, keywords = {Climate Change, Large-scale hydro-climatic indices, Long-term changes, North Atlantic, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton}, author = {Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Martin Edwards} } @article {5826, title = {{Applying the concept of the ecological niche and a macroecological approach to understand how climate influences zooplankton: Advantages, assumptions, limitations and requirements}}, journal = {Progress in Oceanography}, volume = {111}, year = {2013}, pages = {75{\textendash}90}, abstract = {

Ecosystem effects of climate change have been detected in all components of the Earth System. In the marine biosphere, climate-change responses have caused large and well-documented biogeographical and phenological shifts, which have in turn altered local dominance hierarchies, and also the structure, diversity and functional linkages within regional marine ecosystems. There is an urgent need to improve both our knowledge of the global-scale effects of climate change on marine biodiversity and our capacity to project future impacts. But extrapolation of previously estimated changes to additional places and to future conditions is complicated by non-linear responses to environmental variables, and also by complexities of multivariate interaction that can lead to tipping-points. In this paper, we show how observations from widely-spaced locations can be combined to characterise the ecological niche of a species, and how the concept of the niche can be used to understand and project how climate-induced changes in temperatures will alter marine zooplankton both locally and globally. As an example to illustrate our view, we apply this framework to the relatively well-known copepod Calanus finmarchicus. Our results suggest that climate change will strongly affect the local abundance of this species in the North Atlantic Ocean by the end of this century. Predicted changes are large (e.g. increase by ??6-10-fold of the temporal changes in the abundance of C. finmarchicus) and vary as a function of the magnitude of warming and the local sign and steepness of the thermal niche. Substantial rates of change hold even under optimistic climatic scenarii. After reviewing the main limitations of the niche concept in bioclimatological research, we argue that the application of this concept in ecology and bioclimatology might nevertheless represent the best tool currently available to scientists to discern and anticipate the effect of global climate change on species and ecosystems. The framework we proposed forces us however to think globally and to develop a worldwide coordinated macroecological approach, that includes global monitoring, new mathematical tools of detection and new types of modeling. ?? 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

}, issn = {00796611}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Mackas, Dave and Goberville, Eric} } @article {5824, title = {{Climatic Facilitation of the Colonization of an Estuary by Acartia tonsa}}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, abstract = {

Global change has become a major driving force of both terrestrial and marine systems. Located at the interface between these two realms, estuarine ecosystems are probably the place where both direct and indirect effects of human activities conspire together to affect biodiversity from phytoplankton to top predators. Among European estuarine systems, the Gironde is the largest estuary of Western Europe and many studies have provided evidence that it has been affected by a variety of anthropogenic stressors such as thermal and chemical pollution, physical alterations and exploitation, especially for maritime traffic. In such a context, species introduction is also a current major issue with the establishment of strong competitive species that could lead to ecosystem reorganization with potential decrease or even disappearance of native species. In the Gironde estuary, this hypothesis was proposed for the invasive shrimp species Palaemon macrodactylus as a decrease in the native species abundance was observed at the same time. Although species introduction often takes place via ballast water, the influence of climate-driven changes on the establishment of new species remains a key issue. The calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa, observed in the Gironde estuary for the first time in 1983, have since colonized most part of the estuary, reaching a level of abundance comparable to the dominant native species Eurytemora affinis. In this study, using both the concept of the ecological niche sensu Hutchinson (fundamental and realized niches) and statistical models, we reveal that the dynamics of the colonization of A. tonsa was facilitated by environmental conditions that have become closer to its environmental optimum with respect to temperature and salinity.

}, issn = {19326203}, author = {Chaalali, Aur{\'e}lie and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Virginie Raybaud and Goberville, Eric and David, Val{\'e}rie and Bo{\"e}t, Philippe and Benoit Sautour} } @article {5822, title = {{Decline in Kelp in West Europe and Climate}}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, abstract = {

Kelp ecosystems form widespread underwater forests playing a major role in structuring the biodiversity at a regional scale. Some seaweeds such as Laminaria digitata are also economically important, being exploited for their alginate and iodine content. Although some studies have shown that kelp ecosystems are regressing and that multiple causes are likely to be at the origin of the disappearance of certain populations, the extent to which global climate change may play a role remains speculative. Here we show that many populations of L. digitata along European coasts are on the verge of local extinction due to a climate-caused increase in sea temperature. By modeling the spatial distribution of the seaweed, we evaluate the possible implications of global climate change for the geographical patterns of the species using temperature data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5). Projections of the future range of L. digitata throughout the 21st century show large shifts in the suitable habitat of the kelp and a northward retreat of the southern limit of its current geographic distribution from France to Danish coasts and the southern regions of the United Kingdom. However, these projections depend on the intensity of warming. A medium to high warming is expected to lead to the extirpation of the species as early as the first half of the 21st century and there is high confidence that regional extinction will spread northwards by the end of this century. These changes are likely to cause the decline of species whose life cycle is closely dependent upon L. digitata and lead to the establishment of new ecosystems with lower ecological and economic values.

}, issn = {19326203}, author = {Virginie Raybaud and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Goberville, Eric and Delebecq, Gaspard and Destombe, Christophe and Valero, Myriam and Dominique Davoult and Morin, Pascal and Gevaert, Francois} } @article {5823, title = {{Long-term phenological shifts in raptor migration and climate}}, journal = {PLoS ONE}, volume = {8}, year = {2013}, abstract = {

Climate change is having a discernible effect on many biological and ecological processes. Among observed changes, modifications in bird phenology have been widely documented. However, most studies have interpreted phenological shifts as gradual biological adjustments in response to the alteration of the thermal regime. Here we analysed a long-term dataset (1980-2010) of short-distance migratory raptors in five European regions. We revealed that the responses of these birds to climate-induced changes in autumn temperatures are abrupt and synchronous at a continental scale. We found that when the temperatures increased, birds delayed their mean passage date of autumn migration. Such delay, in addition to an earlier spring migration, suggests that a significant warming may induce an extension of the breeding-area residence time of migratory raptors, which may eventually lead to residency.

}, author = {Jaffre, Mikael and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Goberville, Eric and Jiguet, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric and Kjell{\'e}n, Nils and Troost, Gerard and Dubois, Philippe J. and Lepr{\^e}tre, Alain and Christophe Luczak} } @article {5825, title = {{Long-term responses of North Atlantic calcifying plankton to climate change}}, journal = {Nature Climate Change}, volume = {3}, year = {2013}, pages = {263{\textendash}267}, abstract = {

The global increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is potentially threatening marine biodiversity in two ways. First, carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases accumulating in the atmosphere are causing global warming1. Second, carbon dioxide is altering sea water chemistry, making the ocean more acidic2. Although temperature has a cardinal influence on all biological processes from the molecular to the ecosystem level3, acidification might impair the process of calcification or exacerbate dissolution of calcifying organisms4. Here, we show however that North Atlantic calcifying plankton primarily responded to climate-induced changes in temperatures during the period 1960{\textendash}2009, overriding the signal from the effects of ocean acidification. We provide evidence that foraminifers, coccolithophores, both pteropod and nonpteropod molluscs and echinoderms exhibited an abrupt shift circa 1996 at a time of a substantial increase in temperature5 and that some taxa exhibited a poleward movement in agreement with expected biogeographical changes under sea temperature warming6,7. Although acidification may become a serious threat to marine calcifying organisms, our results suggest that over the study period the primary driver of North Atlantic calcifying planktonwas oceanic temperature.

}, issn = {1758-678X}, url = {http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nclimate1753}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and McQuatters-Gollop, Abigail and Martin Edwards and Goberville, Eric} } @inbook {6895, title = {{\'E}valuation rapide des perturbations anthropiques: cas de l{\textquoteright}enrichissement en nutriments en milieux c{\^o}tiers}, booktitle = {Le 26{\`e}me Forum des Jeunes oc{\'e}anographes de France{\textquoteright}}, year = {2012}, pages = {89-95}, publisher = {Union des Oc{\'e}anographes de France}, organization = {Union des Oc{\'e}anographes de France}, abstract = {Alors que la connaissance des syst{\`e}mes naturels a consid{\'e}rablement augment{\'e}e au cours des derni{\`e}res d{\'e}cennies, la capacit{\'e} de mesurer et mod{\'e}liser ces syst{\`e}mes reste limit{\'e}e. Afin de r{\'e}pondre {\`a} cette probl{\'e}matique, nous proposons ici une nouvelle proc{\'e}dure de d{\'e}tection instantan{\'e}e et de quantification des perturbations anthropiques potentielles, {\`a} travers l{\textquoteright}exemple d{\textquoteright}un suivi de l{\textquoteright}enrichissement c{\^o}tier en nutriments.}, url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00815758}, author = {Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand}, editor = {Fran{\c c}ois G Schmitt} } @article {5827, title = {{Early evaluation of coastal nutrient over-enrichment: New procedures and indicators}}, journal = {Marine Pollution Bulletin}, volume = {62}, year = {2011}, pages = {1751{\textendash}1761}, abstract = {

Recent studies have provided compelling evidence for an accelerated anthropogenic impact on coastal systems, resulting in intense inputs of materials and nutrients from the continent. This has led scientists and policymakers to encourage the implementation of monitoring programmes, which have resulted in the multiplicity of datasets. However surprisingly, only a few attempts have been made to couple observations with statistical and mathematical tools to detect, as soon as the data become available perturbations in coastal systems. Here, we propose new mathematical procedures to evaluate the state of a system, based on the building of relative reference state and indicators of nutrient over-enrichment. The techniques were tested in some French coastal systems using data from the programme SOMLIT. Applied to this dataset, the multivariate procedures rapidly identified and evaluated anthropogenic nutrient anomalies from the continent on three sites (Wimereux, Roscoff and Villefranche-sur-Mer) from 1997 onwards. {\textcopyright} 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

}, keywords = {Indicators, Monitoring, Multivariate statistical analyses, Nutrient over-enrichment, Relative reference states, SOMLIT}, author = {Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Benoit Sautour and Paul Tr{\'e}guer} } @article {5828, title = {{Evaluation of coastal perturbations: A new mathematical procedure to detect changes in the reference state of coastal systems}}, journal = {Ecological Indicators}, volume = {11}, year = {2011}, pages = {1290{\textendash}1300}, abstract = {

The pressure exerted by human activities on living systems has become so intense that it is inspiring the inception of a global network of monitoring of the biosphere and the use of robust statistical procedures to detect potential changes. Here, we propose a new multivariate non-parametric procedure, based on the Mahalanobis generalised distance and a simplification of the multiple response permutation procedure to identify rapidly changes in any natural systems. The procedure can be virtually coupled on all monitoring programmes and is not influenced by missing data, a common feature found in many ecological databases. In France, physical, chemical and biological variability of coastal waters have been monitored since 1997 by the SOMLIT Network. Applied to this data set, this technique enabled a first quantification of the impacts of human disturbance through changes in the concentration of nutrients. Our results revealed how climate may interact with anthropogenic pressure to alter coastal marine systems and suggest a synergism between nutrient enrichment, human activities and local climatic conditions. Indeed some effects of climate (e.g. insolation duration - increase in duration of daylight) may attenuate the fertility of coastal systems, while some others (e.g. precipitation) amplify the human signals. {\textcopyright} 2011 Elsevier Ltd.

}, keywords = {Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment, Climate Change, Coastal systems, Monitoring, SOMLIT}, issn = {1470160X}, author = {Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Benoit Sautour and Paul Tr{\'e}guer} } @article {5829, title = {{Climate-driven changes in coastal marine systems of western Europe}}, year = {2010}, abstract = {

Coastal marine systems, the interface between the ocean and terrestrial realms, are among the most important systems on the planet both ecologically and economically because of their crucial role in earth system functioning. Although direct impacts of human activities on physical, chemical and biological components of these systems have been widely documented, the potential influence of climate variability is less well known. Here, we used data from Service d{\textquoteright}Observation en Milieu Littoral (SOMLIT), a marine monitoring programme that has since 1997 collected samples at 12 sites located along the French coasts from 42{\textdegree} to 51{\textdegree} N. Applying standardised principal component analysis (PCA), we documented the year-to-year fluctuations in these coastal systems and evaluated the potential influence of climate variability using data on atmospheric circulation (wind intensity and direction), precipitation and temperature. Our study revealed a pronounced sensitivity of these systems to climate variability. As the impact of climate change may become more prominent in the next decades, this study suggests that climate might strongly influence the marine coastal environment and act in synergism with other anthropogenic pressures to alter the state and functioning of biological and ecological systems and the services they provide. {\textcopyright} Inter-Research 2010 {\textperiodcentered} www.int-res.com.

}, doi = {10.3354/meps08564}, author = {Goberville, Eric and Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Benoit Sautour and Paul Tr{\'e}guer and SOMLIT, Team} } @article {6897, title = {Cons{\'e}quences des changements climatiques en milieu oc{\'e}anique}, journal = {Vertigo}, volume = {Hors Serie}, year = {2010}, pages = {1-13}, abstract = {Le changement climatique a une influence grandissante sur l{\textquoteright}ensemble des composantes du syst{\`e}me terre. Cette contribution pr{\'e}sente l{\textquoteright}{\'e}volution des temp{\'e}ratures globales et montre que le changement climatique affecte les syst{\`e}mes biologiques et {\'e}cologiques de la plan{\`e}te, en particulier ceux de l{\textquoteright}Oc{\'e}an Atlantique Nord et de ses mers adjacentes. Les changements biologiques attribu{\'e}s au changement climatique affectent le phytoplancton, le zooplancton, les poissons et modifient la dominance de nombreuses esp{\`e}ces ainsi que la structure, le fonctionnement et la diversit{\'e} des {\'e}cosyst{\`e}mes. Les changements sont aussi per{\c c}us sur la biog{\'e}ographie et la ph{\'e}nologie des esp{\`e}ces et ont impliqu{\'e}, dans certaines r{\'e}gions, des changements {\'e}cosyst{\'e}miques abrupts appel{\'e}s aussi changements de r{\'e}gime. Ces alt{\'e}rations refl{\`e}tent un ajustement des syst{\`e}mes biologiques et {\'e}cologiques face au r{\'e}chauffement des temp{\'e}ratures. Les m{\'e}canismes impliqu{\'e}s sont complexes, pr{\'e}sentant des points de bifurcation et variant dans le temps et l{\textquoteright}espace. La sensibilit{\'e} des organismes vis-{\`a}-vis du r{\'e}chauffement est forte et de faibles fluctuations des temp{\'e}ratures peuvent avoir des effets prononc{\'e}s sur les syst{\`e}mes biologiques et {\'e}cologiques. Il est urgent de placer ces syst{\`e}mes sous surveillance et de d{\'e}velopper des indicateurs coupl{\'e}s {\`a} des outils statistico-math{\'e}matiques adapt{\'e}s afin de d{\'e}tecter, mieux comprendre et anticiper les modifications des syst{\`e}mes biologiques et {\'e}cologiques face au changement climatique global.}, url = {https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/vertigo/2010-n8-vertigo3983/045530ar/}, author = {Gr{\'e}gory Beaugrand and Goberville, Eric} }