@article {4561,
	title = {In vitro effects of triclosan and methyl-triclosan on the marine gastropod Haliotis tuberculata},
	journal = {Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology \& Pharmacology},
	volume = {156},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {87 - 94},
	abstract = {<p>Triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxy-diphenyl ether; TCS) is an antibacterial agent incorporated in a wide variety of household and personal care products. Because of its partial elimination in sewage treatment plants, \{TCS\} is commonly detected in natural waters and sediments. Moreover, due to its high hydrophobicity, \{TCS\} accumulates in fatty tissues in various aquatic organisms. \{TCS\} can be converted into methyl-triclosan (2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-methoxydiphenyl ether; MTCS) after biological methylation. In this study, the acute cytotoxicity of \{TCS\} and \{MTCS\} in short-term in vitro experiments was assessed on cell cultures from the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata. The results showed that morphology and density of hemocyte are affected from a concentration of 8 μM TCS. Using the \{XTT\} reduction assay, \{TCS\} has been demonstrated to decrease hemocyte metabolism activity in a dose- and time-dependent exposure. The {\.I}C50\} was evaluated at 6 μM for both hemocyte and gill cells after a 24 h-incubation with TCS. A significant cytotoxicity of \{MTCS\} was also observed from 4 μM in 24 h-old hemocyte culture. Our results reveal a toxic effect of \{TCS\} and \{MTCS\} on immune (hemocytes) and/or respiratory cells (gill cells) of the abalone, species living in coastal waters areas and exposed to anthropogenic pollution.</p>
},
	keywords = {Haliotis tuberculata},
	issn = {1532-0456},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.04.006},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1532045612000610},
	author = {Beatrice Gaume and Nathalie Bourgougnon and St{\'e}phanie Auzoux-Bordenave and Benoit Roig and Barbara Le Bot and Gilles Bedoux}
}
