@article {7091,
	title = {Isotopic analyses, a good tool to validate models in the context of Marine Renewable Energy development and cumulative impacts},
	journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {237},
	year = {2020},
	abstract = {As part of the energy transition, the French government is planning Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) constructions in the next decades. An integrated ecosystem approach of two future OWF sites of the Eastern English Channel (Courseulles-sur-mer and Dieppe-Le Tr{\'e}port) was developed to model the marine ecosystems before the OWF implementation. Such ecosystem models allow simulating the possible reef and reserve effects associated to the presence of the farm, and to character the overall changes in the food-web functioning. This holistic view of OWF effects could be replicated on other sites and form the basis of an ecosystem based management of marine renewable energies. However, to use these models for management purpose, they need to be validated. In order to do so, stable isotope ratios of nitrogen were used for determining the accuracy of the effective trophic levels computed in these two models. Results showed that trophic levels estimated by the two models were consistent with the trophic levels estimated by the independent isotopic data. In the context of OWF development and cumulative impacts analysis, this step of validation of the models is essential for developing their use by management actors and policy makers. {\textcopyright} 2020 Elsevier Ltd},
	keywords = {alternative energy, detection method, Dieppe, Ecopath with Ecosim, ecosystem approach, English Channel, food web, France, Isotopic nitrogen analysis, marine ecosystem, model validation, Normandie, Offshore wind farm, policy making, Seine Maritime, trophic level, wind farm},
	issn = {02727714 (ISSN)},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106690},
	author = {Raoux, A. and Pezy, J.-P. and Ernande, B. and Nathalie Niquil and Dauvin, J.-C. and Granger{\'e}, K.}
}
@article {LeGuen2019,
	title = {Assessing the ecological status of an estuarine ecosystem: linking biodiversity and food-web indicators},
	journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {228},
	year = {2019},
	note = {cited By 0},
	publisher = {Academic Press},
	abstract = {During the last decades, the highly-anthropized Seine estuary has been impacted by modification of its habitats (building of a major extension of Le Havre harbour, i.e. Port2000) and a significant natural decrease in freshwater discharge. A Before/After analysis, using a toolbox of indicators, was applied to characterize the effects of both events on the estuarine ecosystem status. We selected from existing tool boxes several indicators derived from food web modelling or community composition data, such as biodiversity indicators, a guild-based index (i.e. Estuarine and Lagoon Fish Index ELFI) and ecological network analysis (ENA) indices. ENA and biodiversity indicators were applied on six spatial boxes describing the Seine estuary and its outlet. Results showed an increase in taxonomic and functional richness over time, mainly due to marinisation, and significant changes in food-web properties in relation to Port2000. ENA indices appeared as a promising method in ecological status assessment, especially for estuaries considered as inherently disturbed. {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier Ltd},
	keywords = {Biodiversity, bioindicator, community composition, ecological approach, ecological modeling, ecosystem function, ecosystem health, environmental assessment, estuarine ecosystem, food web, France, habitat management, health status, human activity, Le Havre, Normandie, Seine Estuary, Seine Maritime},
	issn = {02727714},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ecss.2019.106339},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0272771419300484},
	author = {Le Guen, Camille and Samuele Tecchio and Jean-Claude Dauvin and De Roton, G. and Lobry, Jeremy and Lepage, Mario and Morin, Jocelyne and G{\'e}raldine Lassalle and Raoux, Aurore and Nathalie Niquil}
}
