@article {7185,
	title = {Food sources, digestive efficiency and resource allocation in the sea cucumber Holothuria forskali (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea): Insights from pigments and fatty acids},
	journal = {Aquaculture Nutrition},
	volume = {26},
	year = {2020},
	month = {Apr-08-2022},
	pages = {1568-1583},
	abstract = {Various research projects in Europe and North Africa have recently intended to breed temperate holothurians to alleviate fishing pressure on natural populations. However, to date little is known about the nutritional requirements of East Atlantic and Mediterranean species. In this study, we propose a {\textquotedblleft}natural population{\textquotedblright}-oriented approach to characterize food sources, digestive efficiency and resources allocation based on the composition of pigments and fatty acids (FA) in gut contents and tis- sues (muscles, gonads and digestive tract walls) of wild individuals of the species Holothuria (Panningothuria) forskali (Delle Chiaje, 1823) sampled in Brittany (France). Our study reveals that neither green nor red algae enter the diet of H. forskali in spring and that the only fresh vegetal material found in gut contents is brown algae (very likely diatoms). The high nutritional quality of gut contents however contrasts with the detrital nature of the ingested food sources, suggesting that a trophic up- grading of organic matter occurs before digestion. In addition, unusual FA (i.e. only present in a few groups of living species) such as long-chain monounsaturated FA (especially the FA 23:1ω9) were found in large proportions in muscles and gonad and their effect on sea cucumber fitness needs further investigation.},
	keywords = {echinoderms, fatty acids, gut contents, Holothuria forskali, pigments, sea cucumbers},
	issn = {1353-5773},
	doi = {10.1111/anu.13103},
	url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/anu.13103},
	author = {Frank David and C{\'e}dric Hubas and Laguerre, Hel{\`e}ne and Badou, Aicha and Herault, Gwen and Bordelet, Th{\'e}o and Ameziane, Nadia}
}
@article {3383,
	title = {Seasonal variations of the composition of microbial biofilms in sandy tidal flats: Focus of fatty acids, pigments and exopolymers},
	journal = {Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science},
	volume = {153},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {29 - 37},
	abstract = {<p>Abstract Biofilms, or microbial mats, are common associations of microorganisms in tidal flats; they generally consist of a large diversity of organisms embedded in a matrix of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS). These molecules are mainly composed of carbohydrates and proteins, but their detailed monomer compositions and seasonal variations are currently unknown. Yet this composition determines the numerous roles of biofilms in these systems. This study investigated the changes in composition of carbohydrates in intertidal microbial mats over a year to decipher seasonal variations in biofilms and in varying hydrodynamic conditions. This work also aimed to assess how these compositions are related to microbial assemblages. In this context, natural biofilms whose development was influenced or not by artificial structures mimicking polychaete tubes were sampled monthly for over a year in intertidal flats of the Chausey archipelago. Biofilms were compared through the analysis of their fatty acid and pigment contents, and the monosaccharide composition of their \{EPS\} carbohydrates. Carbohydrates from both colloidal and bound \{EPS\} contained mainly glucose and, to a lower extent, galactose and mannose but they showed significant differences in their detailed monosaccharide compositions. These two fractions displayed different seasonal evolution, even if glucose accumulated in both fractions in summer; bound \{EPS\} only were affected by artificial biogenic structures. Sediment composition in fatty acids and pigments showed that microbial communities were dominated by diatoms and heterotrophic bacteria. Their relative proportions, as well as those of other groups like cryptophytes, changed between times and treatments. The changes in \{EPS\} composition were not fully explained by modifications of microbial assemblages but also depended on the processes taking place in sediments and on environmental conditions. These variations of \{EPS\} compositions are likely to alter different ecosystem processes such as biostabilisation or pollutants trapping.</p>
},
	keywords = {biofilms, biogenic structures, EPS, fatty acids, monosaccharide composition, pigments},
	issn = {0272-7714},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2014.11.013},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272771414003412},
	author = {Passarelli, C and Tarik Meziane and Najet Thiney and Dominique Boeuf and B Jesus and Mickael Ruivo and Christian Jeanthon and C{\'e}dric Hubas}
}
