%0 Book Section %B Evolution of Marine Coastal Ecosystems under the Pressure of Global Changes %D 2020 %T Temperature and salinity changes in coastal waters of Western Europe: variability, trends and extreme events %A Charria, Guillaume %A Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy %A Goberville, Eric %A Stéphane L'Helguen %A Barrier, Nicolas %A David-Beausire, Christine %A Cariou, Thierry %A Emilie Grossteffan %A Répécaud, Michel %A Quéméner, Loic %A Theetten, Sébastien %A Paul Tréguer %K Climate variability %K Coastal ecosystems %K Extreme events %K High- and low-frequency in situ sampling %K Large and local forcings %X Coastal marine ecosystems worldwide are not only highly affected by the effects of human activities, but also by the influence of natural climate variability and global climate change. However, it is still a challenge to assess the spatial and temporal scales at which forcings operate and their persistence over time, to determine the vulnerability of coastal ecosystems to climate changes and climate extreme events, and therefore to anticipate the ecological and biological responses of these areas. By investigating these knowledge gaps, our recent studies have shown that the combination of large- and local-scale hydroclimatic influences have induced obvious changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of coastal waters in Western Europe. Because of the complex and non-linear climate-coastal ecosystem relationships, a thorough understanding of the underlying processes is still needed, while extending the spatial and temporal scales of inference. Here, using both high- and low-frequency observations collected from 1998 onwards at the outlet of the Bay of Brest and off Roscoff, we described and documented monthly changes in (1) sea surface temperature, (2) sea surface salinity, (3) river discharges and (4) precipitation patterns. By focusing on the winter period (from December to February), our study revealed that coastal waters of Western Europe are not only significantly connected to large-scale atmospheric conditions and patterns, but also to local-scale drivers such as river discharges. Current strong impacts of regional climate extreme events worldwide led us to devote more attention on understanding the possible impacts of such episodes on the long-term variability and trends of these ecosystems in coastal waters of Western Europe. The signature of extreme events in the Bay of Brest is described and the numerical simulations allowed us to highlight the link between local rivers and changes in salinity. %B Evolution of Marine Coastal Ecosystems under the Pressure of Global Changes %7 H.-J. Ceccaldi et al. %I Springer Nature %C Switzerland %G eng %U https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-43484-7_15 %& 15 %R 10.1007/978-3-030-43484-7_15 %0 Journal Article %J Progress in Oceanography %D 2018 %T Dynamics of particulate organic matter composition in coastal systems: Forcing of spatio-temporal variability at multi-systems scale %A Liénart, Camilla %A Savoye, Nicolas %A David, Valérie %A Ramond, Pierre %A Rodriguez Tress, Paco %A Hanquiez, Vincent %A Marieu, Vincent %A Aubert, Fabien %A Aubin, Sébastien %A Bichon, Sabrina %A Boinet, Christophe %A Bourasseau, Line %A Bozec, Yann %A Bréret, Martine %A Elsa Breton %A Caparros, Jocelyne %A Cariou, Thierry %A Claquin, Pascal %A Conan, Pascal %A Corre, Anne-Marie %A Costes, Laurence %A Muriel Crouvoisier %A Del Amo, Yolanda %A Derriennic, Hervé %A Dindinaud, François %A Duran, Robert %A Durozier, Maïa %A Devesa, Jérémy %A Ferreira, Sophie %A Eric Feunteun %A Garcia, Nicole %A Geslin, Sandrine %A Emilie Grossteffan %A Gueux, Aurore %A Guillaudeau, Julien %A Guillou, Gaël %A Jolly, Orianne %A Lachaussée, Nicolas %A Lafont, Michel %A Lagadec, Véronique %A Lamoureux, Jézabel %A Lauga, Béatrice %A Lebreton, Benoît %A Lecuyer, Eric %A Lehodey, Jean-Paul %A Leroux, Cédric %A Stéphane L'Helguen %A Macé, Eric %A Maria, Eric %A Mousseau, Laure %A Antoine Nowaczyk %A Pineau, Philippe %A Petit, Franck %A Pujo-Pay, Mireille %A Raimbault, Patrick %A Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy %A Rouaud, Vanessa %A Sauriau, Pierre-Guy %A Sultan, Emmanuelle %A Susperregui, Nicolas %B Progress in Oceanography %V 162 %P 271 - 289 %8 Jan-03-2018 %G eng %U https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079661117302100 %! Progress in Oceanography %R 10.1016/j.pocean.2018.02.026 %0 Journal Article %J Progress in Oceanography %D 2017 %T Dynamics of particulate organic matter composition in coastal systems: A spatio-temporal study at multi-systems scale %A Liénart, Camilla %A Savoye, Nicolas %A Bozec, Yann %A Elsa Breton %A Conan, Pascal %A David, Valérie %A Eric Feunteun %A Karine Grangeré %A Kerhervé, P. %A Lebreton, B. %A Sébastien Lefebvre %A Stéphane L'Helguen %A Mousseau, Laure %A Raimbault, P %A Richard, P. %A Riera, P. %A Sauriau, P.-G. %A Gauthier Schaal %A Aubert, F. %A Aubin, S. %A Bichon, S. %A Boinet, C. %A Bourasseau, L. %A Bréret, M. %A Caparros, J. %A Cariou, T. %A Charlier, K. %A Claquin, P. %A Vincent Cornille %A Corre, A.-M. %A Costes, L. %A Crispi, O. %A Muriel Crouvoisier %A Czamanski, M. %A Del Amo, Y. %A Derriennic, H. %A Dindinaud, F. %A Durozier, M. %A Hanquiez, V. %A Antoine Nowaczyk %A Devesa, J. %A Ferreira, S. %A Fornier, M. %A Garcia, F. %A Garcia, N. %A Geslin, S. %A Emilie Grossteffan %A Gueux, A. %A Guillaudeau, J. %A Guillou, G. %A Joly, O. %A Lachaussée, N. %A Lafont, M. %A Lamoureux, J. %A Lecuyer, E. %A Lehodey, J.-P. %A Lemeille, D. %A Leroux, C. %A Macé, E. %A Maria, E. %A Pineau, P. %A Petit, F. %A Pujo-Pay, M. %A Rimelin-Maury, P. %A Sultan, E. %K bacterium %K benthos %K biogeochemistry %K Biological materials %K C and n stable isotopes %K C:N ratio %K Carbon %K carbon isotope %K Coastal systems %K coastal zone %K Fluid dynamics %K France %K geomorphology %K Hydrodynamics %K Isotopes %K isotopic ratio %K Mediterranean sea %K Meta analysis %K meta-analysis %K Mixing %K Mixing models %K nitrogen isotope %K Organic compounds %K particulate organic matter %K Particulate organic matters %K Phytoplankton %K prokaryote %K Rivers %K seasonality %K spatiotemporal analysis %K stable isotope %K Surface water %K Surface waters %K terrestrial deposit %K Time series %X In coastal systems, the multiplicity of sources fueling the pool of particulate organic matter (POM) leads to divergent estimations of POM composition. Eleven systems (two littoral systems, eight embayments and semi-enclosed systems and one estuary) distributed along the three maritime façades of France were studied for two to eight years in order to quantify the relative contribution of organic matter sources to the surface-water POM pool in coastal systems. This study was based on carbon and nitrogen elemental and isotopic ratios, used for running mixing models. The POM of the estuary is dominated by terrestrial material (93% on average), whereas the POM of the other systems is dominated by phytoplankton (84% on average). Nevertheless, for the latter systems, the POM composition varies in space, with (1) systems where POM is highly composed of phytoplankton (≥93%), (2) systems characterized by a non-negligible contribution of benthic (8–19%) and/or river (7–19%) POM sources, and (3) the Mediterranean systems characterized by the contribution of diazotroph organisms (ca. 14%). A continent-to-ocean gradient of river and/or benthic POM contribution is observed. Finally, time series reveal (1) seasonal variations of POM composition, (2) differences in seasonality between systems, and (3) an inshore-offshore gradient of seasonality within each system that were sampled at several stations. Spatial and seasonal patterns of POM composition are mainly due to local to regional processes such as hydrodynamics and sedimentary hydrodynamic (e.g. resuspension processes, changes in river flows, wind patterns influencing along-shore currents) but also due to the geomorphology of the systems (depth of the water column, distance to the shore). Future studies investigating the link between these forcings and POM composition would help to better understand the dynamics of POM composition in coastal systems. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd %B Progress in Oceanography %V 156 %P 221-239 %G eng %U https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079661116301914 %R 10.1016/j.pocean.2017.03.001 %0 Journal Article %J Journal of Marine Systems %D 2014 %T Large and local-scale influences on physical and chemical characteristics of coastal waters of Western Europe during winter %A Paul Tréguer %A Goberville, Eric %A Barrier, Nicolas %A Stéphane L'Helguen %A Morin, Pascal %A Bozec, Yann %A Rimmelin-Maury, Peggy %A Czamanski, Marie %A Emilie Grossteffan %A Cariou, Thierry %A Répécaud, Michel %A Quéméner, Loic %K Climate variability %K Coastal systems %K Large-scale hydro-climatic indices %K River inputs %K Time-series %K Weather regimes %X

There is now a strong scientific consensus that coastal marine systems of Western Europe are highly sensitive to the combined effects of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change. However, it still remains challenging to assess the spatial and temporal scales at which climate influence operates. While large-scale hydro-climatic indices, such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) or the East Atlantic Pattern (EAP) and the weather regimes such as the Atlantic Ridge (AR), are known to be relevant predictors of physical processes, changes in coastal waters can also be related to local hydro-meteorological and geochemical forcing. Here, we study the temporal variability of physical and chemical characteristics of coastal waters located at about 48°N over the period 1998-2013 using (1) sea surface temperature, (2) sea surface salinity and (3) nutrient concentration observations for two coastal sites located at the outlet of the Bay of Brest and off Roscoff, (4) river discharges of the major tributaries close to these two sites and (5) regional and local precipitation data over the region of interest. Focusing on the winter months, we characterize the physical and chemical variability of these coastal waters and document changes in both precipitation and river runoffs. Our study reveals that variability in coastal waters is connected to the large-scale North Atlantic atmospheric circulation but is also partly explained by local river influences. Indeed, while the NAO is strongly related to changes in sea surface temperature at the Brest and Roscoff sites, the EAP and the AR have a major influence on precipitations, which in turn modulate river discharges that impact sea surface salinity at the scale of the two coastal stations. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.

%B Journal of Marine Systems %V 139 %P 79–90 %G eng