%0 Journal Article %J Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers %D 2023 %T Feeding ecology of two deep-sea skates bycaught on demersal longlines off Kerguelen Islands, Southern Indian Ocean %A Faure, Johanna %A Nicolas Gasco %A Céline Bonillo %A Munaron, Jean-Marie %A Cherel, Yves %A Clara Péron %B Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers %V 194 %P 103980 %8 Jan-04-2023 %G eng %U https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0967063723000195 %! Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers %R 10.1016/j.dsr.2023.103980 %0 Journal Article %J Marine Policy %D 2022 %T First evidence of migration across the South Pacific in endangered Amsterdam albatross and conservation implications %A Delord, K. %A Poupart, Timothée %A Nicolas Gasco %A Weimerskirch, H. %A Barbraud, Christophe %B Marine Policy %V 136 %P 104921 %8 Jan-02-2022 %G eng %U https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0308597X21005327 %! Marine Policy %R 10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104921 %0 Journal Article %J Biology Letters %D 2022 %T Increasing numbers of killer whale individuals use fisheries as feeding opportunities within subantarctic populations %A Amelot, Morgane %A Plard, Floriane %A Guinet, Christophe %A Arnould, John P. Y. %A Nicolas Gasco %A Tixier, Paul %B Biology Letters %V 18 %8 Jan-02-2022 %G eng %U https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsbl.2021.0328 %N 2 %! Biol. Lett. %R 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0328 %0 Journal Article %J Marine Ecology Progress Series %D 2021 %T Contribution of toothfish depredated on fishing lines to the energy intake of killer whales off the Crozet Islands: a multi-scale bioenergetic approach %A Faure, Johanna %A Clara Péron %A Nicolas Gasco %A Massiot-Granier, Félix %A Spitz, J %A Guinet, C %A Tixier, P %X Fisheries modify prey availability for marine predators by extracting resources but also by providing them with new feeding opportunities. Among these, depredation, which occurs when predators feed on fish caught on fishing gear, is a behavior developed by many species as a way to acquire food through limited foraging effort. However, the extent to which depredated resources from fisheries contribute to the energetic requirements and affect the demography of depredating individuals is unknown. We investigated the contribution of Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides depredated on longlines to the energetic requirements of killer whales Orcinus orca around the Crozet Islands (southern Indian Ocean) over the period 2007-2018. Our results indicate that during days when depredation occurred, depredating individuals fulfilled on average 94.1% of their daily energetic requirements with depredated toothfish. However, the contribution varied from 1.2 to 13.3% of the monthly energetic requirements and from 2.4 to 8.8% of the yearly energetic requirements of the total population. Together, these findings suggest that intake of depredated toothfish can be substantial at a fine scale (daily and individually), potentially leading to temporary provisioning effects and changes in predation pressures. These effects become minor (<10%), however, when considering the full population over a whole year. The contribution of depredated fish to the annual energetic requirements of the population has increased in recent years, likely due to larger fishing quotas and greater opportunities for whales to depredate, which stresses the importance of accounting for depredation in ecosystem-based management of fishing activity. %B Marine Ecology Progress Series %V 668 %P 149 - 161 %8 Dec-06-2022 %G eng %U https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v668/p149-161/ %! Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. %R 10.3354/meps13725 %0 Journal Article %J International Journal of Digital Curation %D 2021 %T Data Curation, Fisheries and Ecosystem-based Management : The Case Study of the Pecheker Database %A Martin Alexis %A Charlotte Chazeau %A Nicolas Gasco %A Guy Duhamel %A Patrice Pruvost %X The scientific monitoring of the Southern Ocean French fishing industry is based on the use the Pecheker database. Pecheker is dedicated to the digital curation of the data collected on field by scientific observers and which analysis allows the scientists of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle institution to provide guidelines and advice for the regulation of the fishing activity, the protection of the fish stocks and the protection of the marine ecosystems. The template of Pecheker has been developed to make the database adapted to the ecosystem-based management concept. Considering the global context of biodiversity erosion, this modern approach of management aims to take account of the environmental background of the fisheries to ensure their sustainable development. Completeness and high quality of the raw data is a key element for an ecosystem-based management database such as Pecheker. Here, we present the development of this database as a case study of fisheries data curation to be shared with the readers. Full code to deploy a database based on the Pecheker template is provided in supplementary materials. Considering the success factors we could identify, we propose a discussion about how the community could build a global fisheries information system based on a network of small databases including interoperability standards. %B International Journal of Digital Curation %V 16 %P 31 %G eng %U http://www.ijdc.net/article/view/674 %N 1 %! IJDC %R 10.2218/ijdc.v16i1.674 %0 Journal Article %J ICES Journal of Marine Science %D 2021 %T Whale depredation in the South Georgia Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides ) fishery in the South Atlantic: a comparison of estimation methods %A Earl, Timothy %A MacLeod, Eleanor %A Söffker, Marta %A Nicolas Gasco %A Massiot-Granier, Félix %A Tixier, Paul %A Darby, Christopher %E Northridge, Simon %B ICES Journal of Marine Science %V 78 %P 3817 - 3833 %8 Mar-11-2023 %G eng %U https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/78/10/3817/6444887 %N 10 %R 10.1093/icesjms/fsab212 %0 Journal Article %J Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries %D 2020 %T Assessing the impact of toothed whale depredation on socio-ecosystems and fishery management in wide-ranging subantarctic fisheries %A Tixier, Paul %A Burch, Paul %A Massiot-Granier, Félix %A Ziegler, Philippe %A Welsford, Dirk %A Lea, Mary-Anne %A Hindell, Mark A %A Guinet, Christophe %A Wotherspoon, Simon %A Nicolas Gasco %A Clara Péron %A Guy Duhamel %A Arangio, Rhys %A Tascheri, Renzo %A Somhlaba, Sobahle %A Arnould, John P. Y. %X Marine predators feeding on fisheries catches directly on the fishing gear, a behaviour termed “depredation”, has emerged as a major human-wildlife conflict globally, often resulting in substantial socio-economic and ecological impacts. This study investigated the extent of this conflict in commercial Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) fisheries across subantarctic waters where both killer whales (Orcinus orca) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) feed on toothfish caught on longline hooks. Using long-term datasets from six major fishing areas, from southern Chile to the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean, statistical models were developed to quantify the catch removals due to whale depredation interactions. The results indicated that these removals were large, totalling more than 6600 t of toothfish between 2009 and 2016 with an annual mean of 837 t [95% CI 480–1195 t], comprised of 317 t [232–403 t] and 518 t [247–790 t] removed by killer whales and sperm whales, respectively. Catch removals greatly varied between areas, with the largest estimates found at Crozet, where on average 279 t [179–379 t] of toothfish per year, equivalent to 30% [21–37%] of the total catches. Together, these findings provide metrics to assess the impacts of depredation interactions on the fishing industry, whale populations, fish stocks and associated ecosystems. With an estimated $15 M USD worth of fish depredated every year, this study highlights the large geographic scale and economic significance of the depredation issue and its potential to compromise the viability of some toothfish fisheries which are the primary socio-economic activity in subantarctic regions. %B Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries %V 30 %P 203-217 %G eng %U https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11160-020-09597-w %R 10.1007/s11160-020-09597-w %0 Journal Article %J ICES Journal of Marine Science %D 2020 %T Comparison of approaches for incorporating depredation on fisheries catches into Ecopath %A Clavareau, Lyndsay %A Marzloff, Martin P %A Trenkel, Verena M %A Bulman, Catherine M %A Gourguet, Sophie %A Le Gallic, Bertrand %A Hernvann, Pierre-Yves %A Clara Péron %A Nicolas Gasco %A Faure, Johanna %A Tixier, Paul %E Northridge, Simon %B ICES Journal of Marine Science %8 Jan-11-2022 %G eng %U https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/advance-article/doi/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa219/6000671 %R 10.1093/icesjms/fsaa219 %0 Conference Paper %B The Kerguelen Plateau: marine ecosystem and fisheries %D 2019 %T Important readjustments in the biomass and distribution of groundfish species in the northern part of the Kerguelen Plateau and Skiff Bank. %A Guy Duhamel %A Clara Péron %A Sinègre, Romain %A Charlotte Chazeau %A Nicolas Gasco %A Mélyne Hautecoeur %A Martin, Alexis %A Durand, Isabelle %A Causse, Romain %B The Kerguelen Plateau: marine ecosystem and fisheries %7 Welsford, D., J. Dell and G. Duhamel (Eds) %I Australian Antarctic Division %C Kingston, Tasmania, Australia. %P 135-184 %@ 978-1-876934-30-9 %G eng %U http://heardisland.antarctica.gov.au %0 Conference Proceedings %B Second Symposium on the Kerguelen Plateau %D 2019 %T Shark bycatch observed in the bottom longline fishery off the Kerguelen islands in 2006-2016, with a focus on Etmopterus viator %A Charlotte Chazeau %A S.P. Iglésias %A Clara Péron %A Nicolas Gasco %A Martin, Alexis %A Guy Duhamel %B Second Symposium on the Kerguelen Plateau %7 Welsford, D., J. Dell and G. Duhamel (Eds) %I Australian Antarctic Division %C Kingston, Tasmania, Australia %8 2019 %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Marine Mammal Science %D 2018 %T First demographic insights on historically harvested and poorly known male sperm whale populations off the Crozet and Kerguelen Islands (Southern Ocean) %A Labadie, Guillemette %A Tixier, Paul %A Barbraud, Christophe %A Fay, Rémi %A Nicolas Gasco %A Guy Duhamel %A Guinet, Christophe %B Marine Mammal Science %V 34 %P 595 - 615 %8 Jan-07-2018 %G eng %U https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/mms.12469 %N 3 %! Mar Mam Sci %R 10.1111/mms.12469 %0 Journal Article %J Fisheries Research %D 2018 %T How do fishing practices influence sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) depredation on demersal longline fisheries? %A Janc, Anaïs %A Richard, Gaëtan %A Guinet, Christophe %A Arnould, John P.Y. %A Villanueva, Maria Ching %A Guy Duhamel %A Nicolas Gasco %A Tixier, Paul %B Fisheries Research %V 206 %P 14 - 26 %8 Jan-10-2018 %G eng %U https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165783618301255 %! Fisheries Research %R 10.1016/j.fishres.2018.04.019 %0 Journal Article %J Fisheries Research %D 2017 %T Distribution and abundance of skates (Bathyraja spp.) on the Kerguelen Plateau through the lens of the toothfish fisheries %A Nowara, G.B. %A Burch, P. %A Nicolas Gasco %A Welsford, D.C. %A Lamb, T.D. %A Charlotte Chazeau %A Guy Duhamel %A Patrice Pruvost %A Wotherspoon, S. %A Candy, S.G. %X

Three species of skate, Bathyraja eatonii, B. irrasa and B. murrayi, are commonly taken as incidental by-catch in Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) longline and trawl fisheries, and the mackerelicefish (Champsocephalus gunnari) trawl fishery on the Kerguelen Plateau (KP) in the southern IndianOcean. Data from fishery observations for 1997–2014 shows that the three skates were widely distributedacross the Kerguelen Plateau, showing different spatial distributions, linked mainly with depth. Off HeardIsland and McDonald Islands (HIMI), in the southern part of the KP, B. eatonii and B. irrasa were mostabundant to the north and northwest of Heard Island, out to the edge of the Australian Exclusive EconomicZone (EEZ), and were caught down to depths of 1790 m and 2059 m respectively. The smallest species, B.murrayi, occurred mainly in the shallower waters down to 550 m, and was most abundant to the northand northeast, close to Heard Island. Around Kerguelen Islands, in the northern part of the KP, skateswere most abundant between the 500 m and 1000 m contours circling and extending from the islands.Catch rates were modelled using zero-inflated GAMs and GLMs. The catch rates of skates from thetrawl fisheries in the Australian EEZ surrounding Heard Island and McDonald Islands have shown littleevidence of depletion on the main trawl fishing grounds, although there is evidence of a decrease inthe average total length of B. eatonii. The marine reserves and the conservation measures employed bythe Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources in the HIMI fisheries, appearto provide effective protection for the skates, at least in the shallower waters where the trawl fisheriesoperate. B. irrasa taken in the deeper waters where longline fishing occurs have shown a slight declinein catch rate over the years of the HIMI fishery. Although all skates are returned to the water from thisfishery, survival rates are unknown and careful monitoring should continue to assess the status of thesestocks. There appears to be little change in the abundance of the skate species at Kerguelen in the timeperiod.This study provides the first review of skate by-catch across both the HIMI and Kerguelen fisheries.Ongoing monitoring of species specific by-catch levels and further research to determine the importantlife history parameters of these species are required, particularly for B. irrasa which is taken in both trawland longline fisheries.

%B Fisheries Research %V 186 %P 65–81 %G eng %U http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016578361630234X %R 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.07.022 %0 Journal Article %J Progress in Oceanography %D 2016 %T Modelling spatial distribution of Patagonian toothfish through life-stages and sex and its implications for the fishery on the Kerguelen Plateau %A Clara Péron %A Dirk C. Welsford %A Philippe Ziegler %A Timothy D. Lamb %A Nicolas Gasco %A Charlotte Chazeau %A Romain Sinègre %A Guy Duhamel %X

Abstract Size and sex specific habitat preferences are common in animal populations and can have important implications for sound spatial management of harvested species. Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) is a commercially exploited fish species characterised by its longevity (>50 yo) and its extremely broad distribution in depths ranging from 10 m to 2500 m on most of the Plateaux, banks and seamounts of the Southern Ocean. As many bentho-pelagic fish species, Patagonian toothfish exhibits sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic habitat shift towards deeper waters as they grow. In this study, we modelled the spatial structure of Patagonian toothfish population (median total length and sex composition) in a data-rich area, the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Indian Ocean), to better understand the ecological drivers of their distributional patterns and inform current and future fishery management strategies. We applied spatially-explicit statistical models to quantify and predict the effects of the complex topography of the Kerguelen Plateau in structuring the spatial distribution of Patagonian toothfish total length and sex ratio, while controlling for gear selectivity and season. Model predictions showed that juvenile toothfish live in shallow regions (shelf and banks) and move downward progressively up to 600 m while they grow. Between 600 m and 1200 m, the downward movement stops and fish settle at their preferred depths. While in this depth range, fish are ∼75 cm long and most vulnerable to fisheries. As they approach maturity large fish move downward to deep-sea habitats (from 1200 m to >2300 m) and head towards the spawning grounds on the western side of the plateau and around Skiff Bank. Importantly, the sex ratio was not evenly distributed across the Plateau; prediction maps revealed a higher proportion of females in the South whereas a strong male-bias sex ratio (70%) occurred in the North-West. Large-scale prediction maps derived from our models assisted in developing hypotheses regarding ecological drivers of Patagonian toothfish habitat-use and movement across different life stages and sex. Such hypotheses are crucial to inform management strategies of this multijurisdictional fishery (France and Australia) at the spatial and temporal scales over which natural processes and fishery extend.

%B Progress in Oceanography %V 141 %P 81 - 95 %G eng %U http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S007966111530015X %R 10.1016/j.pocean.2015.12.003 %0 Journal Article %J Fisheries Centre Research Reports %D 2015 %T A short history of the fisheries of Crozet Islands %A Patrice Pruvost %A Guy Duhamel %A Nicolas Gasco %A Palomares, M L D %B Fisheries Centre Research Reports %V 23 %P 31 %G eng %N 1 %0 Journal Article %J ICES journal of marine science %D 2014 %T Long-term studies of Crozet Island killer whales are fundamental to understanding the economic and demographic consequences of their depredation behaviour on the Patagonian toothfish fishery. %A Tixier, P %A Guinet, C %A Nicolas Gasco %B ICES journal of marine science %G eng %0 Journal Article %J ICES Journal of Marine Science %D 2014 %T Mitigating killer whale depredation on demersal longline fisheries by changing fishing practice. %A Tixier, P %A Vacquie-Garcia, J %A Nicolas Gasco %A Guinet, C %B ICES Journal of Marine Science %G eng %0 Journal Article %J Endangered species research %D 2010 %T At-sea distribution and diet of an endangered top predator: relationship between white-chinned petrels and commercial longline fisheries %A Delord, K. %A Cédric Cotte %A Clara Péron %A MARTEAU, Cédric %A Patrice Pruvost %A Nicolas Gasco %A Guy Duhamel %A Cherel, Yves %A WEIMERSKIRCH, Henri %B Endangered species research %V 13 %P 1–16 %G eng %U https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/esr/v13/n1/p1-16/ %R 10.3354/esr00309