References

Export 957 results:
Filters: First Letter Of Last Name is C  [Clear All Filters]
2021
Ouédraogo, Dakis-Yaoba , Olivier Perceval, Christine Ferrier-Pages, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, Laetitia Hédouin, Karen Burga, Mireille MM Guillaume, et al.. 2021. “Estimating Ecotoxicological Effects Of Chemicals On Tropical Reef-Building Corals; A Systematic Review Protocol”. Environmental Evidence 10 (1). doi:10.1186/s13750-021-00250-y. https://environmentalevidencejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13750-021-00250-y.
PDF icon Ouédraogo etal 2021 Estimating ecotoxicological effects of chemicals on tropical reef‑building corals; a systematic review protocol.pdf (1.19 MB)
Cotovicz, Luiz C, Bastiaan A Knoppers, Carolina R Régis, Daniel Tremmel, Suzan Costa-Santos, and Gwenaël Abril. 2021. “Eutrophication Overcoming Carbonate Precipitation In A Tropical Hypersaline Coastal Lagoon Acting As A Co2 Sink (Araruama Lagoon, Se Brazil)”. Biogeochemistry. doi:10.1007/s10533-021-00842-3. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10533-021-00842-3.
Cotovicz, Luiz C, Bastiaan A Knoppers, Carolina R Régis, Daniel Tremmel, Suzan Costa-Santos, and Gwenaël Abril. 2021. “Eutrophication Overcoming Carbonate Precipitation In A Tropical Hypersaline Coastal Lagoon Acting As A Co2 Sink (Araruama Lagoon, Se Brazil)”. Biogeochemistry. doi:10.1007/s10533-021-00842-3. https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10533-021-00842-3.
Ouédraogo, Dakis-Yaoba , Mathilde Delaunay, Romain Sordello, L. Hédouin, Magalie Castelin, Olivier Perceval, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, et al.. 2021. “Evidence On The Impacts Of Chemicals Arising From Human Activity On Tropical Reef-Building Corals; A Systematic Map”. Environmental Evidence 10 (1). doi:10.1186/s13750-021-00237-9. https://environmentalevidencejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13750-021-00237-9.
PDF icon Ouedraogo_et_al-2021-Environmental_Evidence.pdf (2.47 MB)
Ouédraogo, Dakis-Yaoba , Mathilde Delaunay, Romain Sordello, L. Hédouin, Magalie Castelin, Olivier Perceval, Isabelle Domart-Coulon, et al.. 2021. “Evidence On The Impacts Of Chemicals Arising From Human Activity On Tropical Reef-Building Corals; A Systematic Map”. Environmental Evidence 10 (1). doi:10.1186/s13750-021-00237-9. https://environmentalevidencejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13750-021-00237-9.
PDF icon Ouedraogo_et_al-2021-Environmental_Evidence.pdf (2.47 MB)
Michelet, Claire , Daniela Zeppilli, Cédric Hubas, Elisa Baldrighi, Philippe Cuny, Guillaume Dirberg, Cécile Militon, et al.. 2021. “First Assessment Of The Benthic Meiofauna Sensitivity To Low Human-Impacted Mangroves In French Guiana”. Forests 12 (3): 338. doi:10.3390/f12030338. https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/3/338.
Bertucci, Frédéric , Eric Parmentier, Anaïs Hillion, Sébastien Cordonnier, David Lecchini, and Malika René-Trouillefou. 2021. “First Highlight Of Sound Production In The Glassy Sweeper Pempheris Schomburgkii (Pempheridae)”. Marine Biology 168 (3). doi:10.1007/s00227-021-03829-8. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00227-021-03829-8.
Bridier, Guillaume , Frédéric Olivier, Laurent Chauvaud, Mikael K Sejr, and Jacques Grall. 2021. “Food Source Diversity, Trophic Plasticity, And Omnivory Enhance The Stability Of A Shallow Benthic Food Web From A High-Arctic Fjord Exposed To Freshwater Inputs”. Limnology And Oceanography 66 (S1): S259-S272. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.11688. https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lno.11688.
PDF icon lno11688.pdf (2.88 MB)
Dauvin, Jean-Claude , Maël Deloor, Jean-Philippe Pezy, Aurore Raoux, Pascal Claquin, and Aurélie Foveau. 2021. “Four-Year Temporal Study Of An Intertidal Artificial Structure In The English Channel”. Journal Of Marine Science And Engineering 9 (11): 1174. doi:10.3390/jmse9111174. https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/11/1174.
Jeantet, Lorène , Vincent Vigon, Sébastien Geiger, and Damien Chevallier. 2021. “Fully Convolutional Neural Network: A Solution To Infer Animal Behaviours From Multi-Sensor Data”. Ecological Modelling 450: 109555. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109555. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304380021001253.
Cotovicz, Luiz C, Renato P Ribeiro, Carolina Ramos Régis, Marcelo Bernardes, Rodrigo Sobrinho, Luciana Oliveira Vidal, Daniel Tremmel, Bastiaan A Knoppers, and Gwenaël Abril. 2021. “Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Co2 And Ch4) And Inorganic Carbon Behavior In An Urban Highly Polluted Tropical Coastal Lagoon (Se, Brazil)”. Environmental Science And Pollution Research. doi:10.1007/s11356-021-13362-2. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11356-021-13362-2.
Diagne, Christophe , Boris Leroy, Anne-Charlotte Vaissière, Rodolphe E Gozlan, David Roiz, Ivan Jarić, Jean-Michel Salles, Corey JA Bradshaw, and Franck Courchamp. 2021. “High And Rising Economic Costs Of Biological Invasions Worldwide”. Nature 592 (7855): 571 - 576. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03405-6. http://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03405-6.
Laptikhovsky, Vladimir , Gavan Cooke, Christopher Barrett, Sophie Lozach, Eleanor MacLeod, Daniel Oesterwind, Edel Sheerin, et al. 2021. “Identification Of Benthic Egg Masses And Spawning Grounds In Commercial Squid In The English Channel And Celtic Sea: Loligo Vulgaris Vs L. Forbesii”. Fisheries Research 241: 106004. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2021.106004. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165783621001326.
Bourdaud, Pierre , Frida Ben Rais Lasram, Emma Araignous, Juliette Champagnat, Samantha Grusd, Ghassen Halouani, Tarek Hattab, et al. 2021. “Impacts Of Climate Change On The Bay Of Seine Ecosystem: Forcing A Spatio‐Temporal Trophic Model With Predictions From An Ecological Niche Model”. Fisheries Oceanography 30 (5): 471 - 489. doi:10.1111/fog.v30.510.1111/fog.12531. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/toc/13652419/30/5.
Vivier, Baptiste , Pascal Claquin, Christophe Lelong, Quentin Lesage, Mathias Peccate, Bastien Hamel, Marine Georges, et al. 2021. “Influence Of Infrastructure Material Composition And Microtopography On Marine Biofilm Growth And Photobiology”. Biofouling: 1 - 17. doi:10.1080/08927014.2021.1959918. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08927014.2021.1959918.
Zhang, Yan , Shinya Shikina, Yu-Ying Ho, Yi-Ling Chiu, Jack I-Chen Yao, Céline Zatylny-Gaudin, Sylvie Dufour, and Ching-Fong Chang. 2021. “Involvement Of Rfamide Neuropeptides In Polyp Contraction Of The Adult Scleractinian Corals Euphyllia Ancora And Stylophora Pistillata”. General And Comparative Endocrinology 314: 113905. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113905. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016648021001982.
Zhang, Yan , Shinya Shikina, Yu-Ying Ho, Yi-Ling Chiu, Jack I-Chen Yao, Céline Zatylny-Gaudin, Sylvie Dufour, and Ching-Fong Chang. 2021. “Involvement Of Rfamide Neuropeptides In Polyp Contraction Of The Adult Scleractinian Corals Euphyllia Ancora And Stylophora Pistillata”. General And Comparative Endocrinology 314: 113905. doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113905. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016648021001982.
Lin, Chien-Ju , Shan-Ru Jeng, Zhen-Yuan Lei, When-Shiun Yueh, Sylvie Dufour, Guan-Chung Wu, and Ching-Fong Chang. 2021. “Involvement Of Transforming Growth Factor Beta Family Genes In Gonadal Differentiation In Japanese Eel, Anguilla Japonica, According To Sex-Related Gene Expressions”. Cells 10: 3007. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10113007.
PDF icon Lin et al_Cells_2021.pdf (5.67 MB)
Coché, Lorraine , Elie Arnaud, Laurent Bouveret, Romain David, Eric Foulquier, Nadège Gandilhon, Etienne Jeannesson, et al.. 2021. “Kakila Database: Towards A Fair Community Approved Database Of Cetacean Presence In The Waters Of The Guadeloupe Archipelago Based On Citizen Science”. Biodiversity Data Journal 9. doi:10.3897/BDJ.9.e69022. https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/69022/.
Coché, Lorraine , Elie Arnaud, Laurent Bouveret, Romain David, Eric Foulquier, Nadège Gandilhon, Etienne Jeannesson, et al.. 2021. “Kakila Database: Towards A Fair Community Approved Database Of Cetacean Presence In The Waters Of The Guadeloupe Archipelago Based On Citizen Science”. Biodiversity Data Journal 9. doi:10.3897/BDJ.9.e69022. https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/69022/.
Coché, Lorraine , Elie Arnaud, Laurent Bouveret, Romain David, Eric Foulquier, Nadège Gandilhon, Etienne Jeannesson, et al.. 2021. “Kakila Database: Towards A Fair Community Approved Database Of Cetacean Presence In The Waters Of The Guadeloupe Archipelago Based On Citizen Science”. Biodiversity Data Journal 9. doi:10.3897/BDJ.9.e69022. https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/69022/.
Coché, Lorraine , Elie Arnaud, Laurent Bouveret, Romain David, Eric Foulquier, Nadège Gandilhon, Etienne Jeannesson, et al.. 2021. “Kakila Database: Towards A Fair Community Approved Database Of Cetacean Presence In The Waters Of The Guadeloupe Archipelago Based On Citizen Science”. Biodiversity Data Journal 9. doi:10.3897/BDJ.9.e69022. https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/69022/.
Coché, Lorraine , Elie Arnaud, Laurent Bouveret, Romain David, Eric Foulquier, Nadège Gandilhon, Etienne Jeannesson, et al.. 2021. “Kakila Database: Towards A Fair Community Approved Database Of Cetacean Presence In The Waters Of The Guadeloupe Archipelago Based On Citizen Science”. Biodiversity Data Journal 9. doi:10.3897/BDJ.9.e69022. https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/69022/.
Coché, Lorraine , Elie Arnaud, Laurent Bouveret, Romain David, Eric Foulquier, Nadège Gandilhon, Etienne Jeannesson, et al.. 2021. “Kakila Database: Towards A Fair Community Approved Database Of Cetacean Presence In The Waters Of The Guadeloupe Archipelago Based On Citizen Science”. Biodiversity Data Journal 9. doi:10.3897/BDJ.9.e69022. https://bdj.pensoft.net/article/69022/.
Pellens, Roseli , Sébastien Duperron, Charlotte Duval, Sahima Hamlaoui, Katia Comte, Claude Yéprémian, and Cécile Bernard. 2021. Les Collections Naturalistes Dans La Science Du Xxie Sièclela Collection « Cyanobactéries Et Microalgues » À L’heure Des « -Omics ». ISTE Group. doi:10.51926/ISTE.9049.ch8. https://www.istegroup.com/fr/produit/les-collections-naturalistes-dans-la-science-du-xxie-siecle/?/43033.
Cambrone, Christopher , Frank Cézilly, Rémi Wattier, Cyril Eraud, and Etienne Bezault. 2021. “Levels Of Genetic Differentiation And Gene Flow Between Four Populations Of The Scaly-Naped Pigeon, Patagioenas Squamosa: Implications For Conservation”. Studies On Neotropical Fauna And Environment: 1 - 13. doi:10.1080/01650521.2021.1878765. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01650521.2021.1878765.
PDF icon Cambrone_et_al-2021-Studies_on_Neotropical_Fauna_and_Environment-Levels of genetic differentiation and gene flow between four populations of the Scaly naped Pigeon Patagioenas squamosa implications for conserva.pdf (1.19 MB)
Cambrone, Christopher , Frank Cézilly, Rémi Wattier, Cyril Eraud, and Etienne Bezault. 2021. “Levels Of Genetic Differentiation And Gene Flow Between Four Populations Of The Scaly-Naped Pigeon, Patagioenas Squamosa: Implications For Conservation”. Studies On Neotropical Fauna And Environment: 1 - 13. doi:10.1080/01650521.2021.1878765. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01650521.2021.1878765.
PDF icon Cambrone_et_al-2021-Studies_on_Neotropical_Fauna_and_Environment-Levels of genetic differentiation and gene flow between four populations of the Scaly naped Pigeon Patagioenas squamosa implications for conserva.pdf (1.19 MB)
Calandra, Maëlle , Jean Wencélius, Rakamaly Madi Moussa, Camille Gache, Cécile Berthe, Viliame Waqalevu, Pascal Ung, et al.. 2021. “Local Perceptions Of Socio-Ecological Drivers And Effects Of Coastal Armoring: The Case Of Moorea, French Polynesia”. Population And Environment. doi:10.1007/s11111-021-00391-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-021-00391-9.
Vivier, Baptiste , Jean-Claude Dauvin, Maxime Navon, Anne-Marie Rusig, Isabelle Mussio, Francis Orvain, Mohamed Boutouil, and Pascal Claquin. 2021. “Marine Artificial Reefs, A Meta-Analysis Of Their Design, Objectives And Effectiveness”. Global Ecology And Conservation: e01538. doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01538. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2351989421000883.
Houyvet, Baptiste , Yolande Bouchon-Navaro, Claude Bouchon, Erwan Corre, and Céline Zatylny-Gaudin. 2021. “Marine Transcriptomic Analysis For The Identification Of New Antimicrobial Peptides”. Marine Drugs 19 (9): 490. doi:10.3390/md19090490. https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/19/9/490.
Girondot, Marc , Baptiste Mourrain, Damien Chevallier, and Matthew H Godfrey. 2021. “Maturity Of A Giant: Age And Size Reaction Norm For Sexual Maturity For Atlantic Leatherback Turtles”. Marine Ecology. doi:10.1111/maec.12631. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/maec.12631.
Wu, Guan-Chung , Sylvie Dufour, and Ching-Fong Chang. 2021. “Molecular And Cellular Regulation On Sex Change In Hermaphroditic Fish, With A Special Focus On Protandrous Black Porgy, Acanthopagrus Schlegelii.”. Mol Cell Endocrinol 520: 111069. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2020.111069.
Sonier, R. , L.A. Comeau, R. Tremblay, Frédéric Olivier, Tarik Meziane, and B. Genard. 2021. “Mytilus Edulis And Styela Clava Assimilate Picophytoplankton Carbon Through Feces And Pseudofeces Ingestion”. Aquaculture 531: 735868. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735868. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0044848620305779.
Duperron, Sébastien , Charlotte Duval, Sahima Hamlaoui, Katia Comte, Claude Yéprémian, and Cécile Bernard. 2021. Natural History Collections In The Science Of The 21St Centurythe “Cyanobacteria And Microalgae” Collection In The Time Of “‐Omics”. 1st ed. Wiley. doi:10.1002/978111988223710.1002/9781119882237.ch8. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119882237.
Magliozzi, Chiara , Jean-Noel Druon, Andreas Palialexis, Laura Aguzzi, Brittany Alexande, Konstantinos Antoniadis, Luis Felipe Artigas, et al. 2021. “Pelagic Habitats Under The Msfd D1: Scientific Advice Of Policy Relevance : Recommendations To Frame Problems And Solutions For The Pelagic Habitats’ Assessment.”. Publications Office of the European Union. doi:10.2760/081368. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/081368.
PDF icon Pelagic habitats under the MSFD D1 scientific advice of policy relevance.pdf (1.36 MB)
Magliozzi, Chiara , Jean-Noel Druon, Andreas Palialexis, Laura Aguzzi, Brittany Alexande, Konstantinos Antoniadis, Luis Felipe Artigas, et al. 2021. “Pelagic Habitats Under The Msfd D1: Scientific Advice Of Policy Relevance : Recommendations To Frame Problems And Solutions For The Pelagic Habitats’ Assessment.”. Publications Office of the European Union. doi:10.2760/081368. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/081368.
PDF icon Pelagic habitats under the MSFD D1 scientific advice of policy relevance.pdf (1.36 MB)
Magliozzi, Chiara , Jean-Noel Druon, Andreas Palialexis, Laura Aguzzi, Brittany Alexande, Konstantinos Antoniadis, Luis Felipe Artigas, et al. 2021. “Pelagic Habitats Under The Msfd D1: Scientific Advice Of Policy Relevance : Recommendations To Frame Problems And Solutions For The Pelagic Habitats’ Assessment.”. Publications Office of the European Union. doi:10.2760/081368. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/081368.
PDF icon Pelagic habitats under the MSFD D1 scientific advice of policy relevance.pdf (1.36 MB)
Magliozzi, Chiara , Jean-Noel Druon, Andreas Palialexis, Laura Aguzzi, Brittany Alexande, Konstantinos Antoniadis, Luis Felipe Artigas, et al. 2021. “Pelagic Habitats Under The Msfd D1: Scientific Advice Of Policy Relevance : Recommendations To Frame Problems And Solutions For The Pelagic Habitats’ Assessment.”. Publications Office of the European Union. doi:10.2760/081368. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/081368.
PDF icon Pelagic habitats under the MSFD D1 scientific advice of policy relevance.pdf (1.36 MB)
Cartaxana, Paulo , Felisa Rey, Charlotte LeKieffre, Diana Lopes, Cédric Hubas, Jorge E Spangenberg, Stéphane Escrig, et al.. 2021. “Photosynthesis From Stolen Chloroplasts Can Support Sea Slug Reproductive Fitness”. Proceedings Of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 (1959). doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1779. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2021.1779.
Cartaxana, Paulo , Felisa Rey, Charlotte LeKieffre, Diana Lopes, Cédric Hubas, Jorge E Spangenberg, Stéphane Escrig, et al.. 2021. “Photosynthesis From Stolen Chloroplasts Can Support Sea Slug Reproductive Fitness”. Proceedings Of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 (1959). doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1779. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2021.1779.
Cartaxana, Paulo , Felisa Rey, Charlotte LeKieffre, Diana Lopes, Cédric Hubas, Jorge E Spangenberg, Stéphane Escrig, et al.. 2021. “Photosynthesis From Stolen Chloroplasts Can Support Sea Slug Reproductive Fitness”. Proceedings Of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 (1959). doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1779. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2021.1779.
Cartaxana, Paulo , Felisa Rey, Charlotte LeKieffre, Diana Lopes, Cédric Hubas, Jorge E Spangenberg, Stéphane Escrig, et al.. 2021. “Photosynthesis From Stolen Chloroplasts Can Support Sea Slug Reproductive Fitness”. Proceedings Of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288 (1959). doi:10.1098/rspb.2021.1779. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2021.1779.
Mathews, Patrick D, Céline Bonillo, Nicolas Rabet, Clara Lord, Romain Causse, Philippe Keith, and Fabienne Audebert. 2021. “Phylogenetic Analysis And Characterization Of A New Parasitic Cnidarian (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) Parasitizing Skin Of The Giant Mottled Eel From The Solomon Islands”. Infection, Genetics And Evolution 94: 104986. doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104986. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1567134821002835.
PDF icon 2021 Fontiers Seabass.pdf (1.78 MB)
Inomura, Keisuke , Takako Masuda, Meri Eichner, Sophie Rabouille, Tomas Zavřel, Jan Červený, Marie Vancová, et al.. 2021. “Quantifying Cyanothece Growth Under Dic Limitation”. Computational And Structural Biotechnology Journal. doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.036. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2001037021005018.
Inomura, Keisuke , Takako Masuda, Meri Eichner, Sophie Rabouille, Tomas Zavřel, Jan Červený, Marie Vancová, et al.. 2021. “Quantifying Cyanothece Growth Under Dic Limitation”. Computational And Structural Biotechnology Journal. doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2021.11.036. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2001037021005018.
Pan, Qiaowei , Romain Feron, Elodie Jouanno, Hugo Darras, Amaury Herpin, Ben Koop, Eric Rondeau, et al. 2021. “The Rise And Fall Of The Ancient Northern Pike Master Sex-Determining Gene”. Elife 10. doi:10.7554/eLife.62858. https://elifesciences.org/articles/62858.
PDF icon Pan et al 2021 Déterminisme sexuel Esox spp.pdf (4.78 MB)
Pan, Qiaowei , Romain Feron, Elodie Jouanno, Hugo Darras, Amaury Herpin, Ben Koop, Eric Rondeau, et al. 2021. “The Rise And Fall Of The Ancient Northern Pike Master Sex-Determining Gene”. Elife 10. doi:10.7554/eLife.62858. https://elifesciences.org/articles/62858.
PDF icon Pan et al 2021 Déterminisme sexuel Esox spp.pdf (4.78 MB)
Breton, Elsa , Urania Christaki, Benoit Sautour, Oscar Demonio, Dimitra-Ioli Skouroliakou, Grégory Beaugrand, Laurent Seuront, et al.. 2021. “Seasonal Variations In The Biodiversity, Ecological Strategy, And Specialization Of Diatoms And Copepods In A Coastal System With Phaeocystis Blooms: The Key Role Of Trait Trade-Offs”. Frontiers In Marine Science 8: 1178. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.656300/full.
PDF icon Breton et al. 2021.pdf (2.93 MB)
Breton, Elsa , Urania Christaki, Benoit Sautour, Oscar Demonio, Dimitra-Ioli Skouroliakou, Grégory Beaugrand, Laurent Seuront, et al.. 2021. “Seasonal Variations In The Biodiversity, Ecological Strategy, And Specialization Of Diatoms And Copepods In A Coastal System With Phaeocystis Blooms: The Key Role Of Trait Trade-Offs”. Frontiers In Marine Science 8: 1178. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2021.656300/full.
PDF icon Breton et al. 2021.pdf (2.93 MB)