Title | In vitro effects of triclosan and methyl-triclosan on the marine gastropod Haliotis tuberculata |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2012 |
Authors | Gaume, B, Bourgougnon, N, Auzoux-Bordenave, S, Roig, B, Le Bot, B, Bedoux, G |
Journal | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology |
Volume | 156 |
Pagination | 87 - 94 |
ISSN | 1532-0456 |
Keywords | Haliotis tuberculata |
Abstract | Triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxy-diphenyl ether; TCS) is an antibacterial agent incorporated in a wide variety of household and personal care products. Because of its partial elimination in sewage treatment plants, \{TCS\} is commonly detected in natural waters and sediments. Moreover, due to its high hydrophobicity, \{TCS\} accumulates in fatty tissues in various aquatic organisms. \{TCS\} can be converted into methyl-triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-methoxydiphenyl ether; MTCS) after biological methylation. In this study, the acute cytotoxicity of \{TCS\} and \{MTCS\} in short-term in vitro experiments was assessed on cell cultures from the European abalone Haliotis tuberculata. The results showed that morphology and density of hemocyte are affected from a concentration of 8 μM TCS. Using the \{XTT\} reduction assay, \{TCS\} has been demonstrated to decrease hemocyte metabolism activity in a dose- and time-dependent exposure. The İC50\} was evaluated at 6 μM for both hemocyte and gill cells after a 24 h-incubation with TCS. A significant cytotoxicity of \{MTCS\} was also observed from 4 μM in 24 h-old hemocyte culture. Our results reveal a toxic effect of \{TCS\} and \{MTCS\} on immune (hemocytes) and/or respiratory cells (gill cells) of the abalone, species living in coastal waters areas and exposed to anthropogenic pollution. |
URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1532045612000610 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.cbpc.2012.04.006 |